تحلیل کیفی ماهیت تفکر استراتژیک تا مهارت محوری و تفکر محوری

تاکنون پژوهشگران مختلفی بر اهمیت و تاثیرگذاری تفکر استراتژیک در جهت تدوین کارآمد و اجرای موفق استراتژی اذعان نموده‌اند و اکثر مطالعات در زمینه‌های شایستگی‌ها، سبک‌ها، تکنیک‌ها، مولفه‌ها و مهارت‌های تفکر استراتژیک بوده است؛ بااین‌حال هنوز یک مفهوم پذیرفته‌شده که به توافق همه یا اکثریت محققان رسیده باشد، ارائه نشده است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف پاسخ دادن به سوال مفهوم تفکر استراتژیک چیست به دو سوال فرعی مفهوم تفکر استراتژیک به روش فراترکیب چیست و مقایسه تفکر استراتژیک با سایر تفکرها چگونه است، پاسخ داد. با توجه به هدف، پژوهش حاضر از نوع توسعه‌ای و بر اساس ماهیت داده‌ها از نوع کیفی است و داده‌های گردآوری‌شده از نوع توصیفی و سنتز پژوهی (فراترکیب) می‌باشد که از الگوی هفت مرحله‌ای سندلویسکی و بارسو استفاده گردیده است. نتایج پژوهش بر روی تحقیقات انجام‌شده از سال 1960 تا به امروز نشان می‌دهد که تفکر استراتژیک از دو بعد تفکر محور و مهارت محور تشکیل‌شده است. بعد تفکر محور برآیندی از تفکرهای دیگر شامل تفکر کل‌نگر، تفکر دستگاهی، تفکر خلاق، تفکر انتقادی و تفکر شهودی است و بعد مهارت محور شامل توجهات و آموزه‌هایی است که از استراتژی انتظار می‌رود؛ درواقع چیزی که با آن روبرو هستیم ذهن استراتژیک است و تفکر استراتژیک یک سبک تفکر خالص و مستقل نیست.

qualitative analysis of strategic thinking nature to skill-oriented and thinking-oriented

aim and introduction: various studies have acknowledged the importance and influence of strategic thinking in formulating efficient and successful strategy implementation. some studies have focused on competencies, techniques, components, elements, and skills of strategic thinking, presenting various results. however, there is no universally accepted concept that has gained agreement from all or the majority of researchers. in fact, the research literature reveals a lack of consensus in the understanding of strategic thinking. each scientist has presented their own models, derived from their own perspectives. the current research aims to investigate the concept of strategic thinking and provide a comprehensive understanding of it. it also aims to compare strategic thinking with other thinking styles, considering it as a distinct and independent style of thinking. therefore, this research addresses two sub-questions: what is the concept of strategic thinking using a meta-synthesis method, and how does strategic thinking compare to other types of thinking? methodology: according to the purpose, the current research is developmental, and based on the nature of the data, it is qualitative. for data analysis, the meta-synthesis method was used, which utilizes the 7-stage model developed by sandelowski and barroso. therefore, keywords were selected, and articles were extracted based on the search in databases including science direct and elsevier, spanning from 1960 to the present day. in the screening stage, articles that were not suitable for meta-synthesis were removed based on criteria such as lack of sufficient information in the field of research objectives, lack of a suitable methodology model, and failure to present different results from other studies (repetition of concepts). in the last screening stage, the critical appraisal skills program (casp) was used, and finally, 40 articles were identified as foundational articles and directly studied about strategic thinking. from the study of these articles, only 29 articles had specific concepts about the components, elements, or characteristics of strategic thinking. in the comprehensive study, concepts were coded. for this purpose, open coding was used, and in cases where the concepts were compatible, axial coding was employed. the member control method was used to ensure the quality of the extracted concepts, and it was accepted with a kappa agreement coefficient of 0.86. then, the components of other thoughts accepted in the literature were identified, extracted, and adapted to the components related to strategic thinking. this was done in order to assess their compatibility and non-compatibility, and to determine the answer to the second research question.