operation studies of power systems containing wind farms considering both deterministic and probabilistic reliability criteria

In many different nations around the world, renewable energy sources are increasingly being used to generate electricity. it is because renewable resources are sustainable, have no operating costs, and are environmentally friendly. wind power develops quickly among renewable units, and nowadays, several wind farms with large installed capacity are operating in the world. however, the erratic property of wind velocity causes generated power of wind parks to vary, which has an impact on various parts of electric network connected to wind parks and needs to be studied using new methods. in order to address reliability-based operation studies of electric network in presence of wind parks, the current research suggests a method taking into account both probabilistic and deterministic approaches for reserve scheduling. the pjm method has been modified for this reason, for incorporating wind production into the electric network. for wind farms, a several-state reliability presentation that considers hazard of assembled elements and change in produced power is developed at first stage. the appropriate amount of spinning reserve is then computed using matrix multiplication method through modified pjm methodology. numerical simulations related to reliability test networks are provided for assessing efficacy of suggested methodology. it is concluded from numerical outcomes that the wind farms lead to the reduction of required spinning reserve. however, due to the variation of output power of wind farms arisen from variation of wind velocity, the impact of wind units in reduction of spinning reserve is less than the conventional units with the same capacity. besides, spinning reserve calculated by well-being approach of wind farms that combines the probabilistic and deterministic indices is more accurate than the value obtained by risk indices.