optimization a hybrid wind and solar system in off-grid and grid-connect to supply load

A micro-grid consists of loads, power generation, and energy storage. there are residential and commercial micro-grids. active is the distributed micro-network. the production resources of micro-grids are either based on fossil fuels or renewable energy. micro-grids can be independent or connected to the grid. this study investigates the viability and optimal design of a micro-grid based on renewable energy sources, taking pollution control into account, for the iron and steel production project of mass group holdings (mgh) in sulaymaniyah, bazian, iraq. after modeling the considered micro-grid in two modes, grid-connected and grid-independent, and entering the required data, such as weather data, net pure cost (npc) and pollution are used to calculate the consumption load of the superior plans. multi-objective optimization utilizing the proposed optimization model yields an objective function value of 0.5237, whereas the pso algorithm yields 0.5279, demonstrating that the proposed grid-connected method is superior. for off-grid mode, however, the objective functions in the proposed model and pso optimization are 0.7241 and 0.7282, respectively. in the event that a battery is connected to the network, the diesel generator works for 620 hours less, saving fuel and making the diesel generator more economical from an economic standpoint. in this regard, the network-connected mode produced superior results to the mode that was not connected to the network.