تحلیل سطح آمادگی خانوارهای شهر ورزقان در برابر بلایای طبیعی

آمادگی مردم و اجتماعات محلی به منظور مواجهه با چنین حوادثی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. بر اساس این ضرورت؛ تحقیق حاضر سطح آمادگی خانوارهای شهر ورزقان را در برابر بلایای طبیعی مورد بررسی قرار داده است. شهر ورزقان از شهرهای آسیب پذیر در برابر بلایایی همچون زلزله، سیل و کولاک است. بدین منظور، بر اساس مطالعه ادبیات نظری و پیشینه ی پژوهش، مفهوم آمادگی در قالب 4 مولفه، 10 شاخص و 43 گویه تعریف شده است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه ی خانوارهای شهر ورزقان هست که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم آن 305 خانوار تعیین شد. شیوه جمع آوری داده ها و اطلاعات تحقیق به صورت کتابخانه ایاسنادی و میدانی (پرسشنامه) بوده است. یافته های تحقیق نشان می دهد که، آمادگی عملیاتی (0.088) و ذهنی نگرشی (0.241) وضعیت نامطلوب دارند و آمادگی فیزیکی کالبدی با بازه اطمینان (0.005)در وضعیت مناسبی قرار دارد. همچنین بر اساس نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه بین محلات (قدیم، میانی، جدید) ورزقان از نظر آمادگی خانوار در برابر بلایای طبیعی تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. ولی نتایج این آزمون برای تفاوت مولفه ها در بین خانوارها نشان داد که آمادگی کالبدی فیزیکی با میانگین 3.100 در مقایسه با آمادگی عملیاتی با میانگین 2.947 دارای معناداری است.

Investigation of the level of Varzeqan city households’ readiness against natural disasters

thesis and measure the level of desirability of household readiness, one sample T test was used.To answer the second hypothesis and study of significance difference in readiness level among the neighborhoods of Varzaghan city, oneway analysis of variance has been used. To answer the third hypothesis and study of significance difference among the components of Varzaghan household's readiness, oneway analysis of variance and Tukey test has been used.3 Results and Discussion The results of t test for readiness of the Varzagan households against natural disasters indicate that the Pvalue (0.312) is greater than the alpha level (0.05); As a result, the state of readiness is not suitable and the first hypothesis of the research is confirmed. The neighborhoods difference has been studied in terms of readiness components among the old, middle and new textures. The results of oneway analysis of variance for differences in the level of readiness of households living in these neighborhoods indicate that there is no significant difference in the level of readiness among neighborhoods of Varzaghan city. The Pvalue obtained in this test is 0.743, which is greater than the alpha value of 0.05; Therefore, H0 is confirmed and the second hypothesis of the research is rejected. The reason for the lack of significant difference among neighborhoods is that of the homogeneity of the social and economic conditions of the people of the city, the lack of difference and discrimination among the city's textures and the equal consideration of them for the planning and implementation of programs, low population and small size of the city, which makes every program and training course to be considered for the whole city so that the entire population of the city is in a same state of readiness. The results of oneway ANOVA test showed the difference among the components. Pvalue in this test is 0.004, which is below the alpha level of 0.05; therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected and the third hypothesis of research is confirmed. The results of the Tukey test in determining the difference among the components show that group A contains physical readiness with an average of 3.1 and operational readiness with an average of 2.947 is in group B. Mentalattitude readiness with an average of 3.037 is in both groups. In the output of the second part of this test, there is only a difference between the operational readiness and physical readiness, and there is not significant difference between the other components.4 ConclusionHouseholds' readiness has been studied in terms of three components, namely operational, mentalattitude and physical. The society preparation goal is rapid response to reduce the damages and shortterm and longterm problems caused by a hazard and, ultimately, to reduce the damage and prevent them. The present research considered the level of readiness of Varzeqan city's households against natural hazards. In Varzaghan based on its location, geological structure and existence of natural elements various disasters happen every year. In general, the results of this study indicate that this region need to take the risks resulted from natural hazards seriously and increase the readiness of citizens against it. This requires serious attention to the public education of all classes and households by institutions and organizations which are responsible for this field.