تجربیات زیسته کودک همسران از کودک همسری و مسائل آن

ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮی ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی اﺳﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻼف ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖﻫﺎی ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ و روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ آن ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻟﺬا ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻻﯾﻞ رواج اﯾﻦ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه در اﯾﺮان ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ و ﺑﺎزﻧﻤﺎﺋﯽ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺎت زﯾﺴﺘﻪ ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮان از ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮی و ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی آن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، از روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و روش ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 15 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﺒﺴﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﯿﻖ، ﻓﺮدی و ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﮔﺮدآوری ﺷﺪ و ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎن اﺷﺒﺎع دادهﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺪاوم ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ دادهﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزی و ﻣﮑﺘﻮب ﺷﺪ و آنﮔﺎه ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻫﺮﻣﻨﻮﺗﯿﮏ و ﺑﻪ روش دﯾﮑﻠﻤﻦ، ﺗﺎﻧﺮ و اﻟﻦ )1989( ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج 894 ﮐﺪ، 5 ﻣﻀﻤﻮن اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮی، آﻣﺎل و آرزوﻫﺎی ﮐﻮدک ﻫﻤﺴﺮان، آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎی ادراکﺷﺪه، ﻣﺰاﯾﺎی ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮی و راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی ﮐﻮدک ﻫﻤﺴﺮان و 19 ﺧﺮده ﻣﻀﻤﻮن اﻧﺠﺎﻣﯿﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺑﺎ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮی ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮان در ﺑﺎب ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن، ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ رواﺑﻂ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ زوﺟﯿﻦ، ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎ و ارﺗﻘﺎی ﺳﻄﺢ داﻧﺶ، ﻧﮕﺮش و ﻣﻬﺎرت ﮐﻮدکﻫﻤﺴﺮان در ﺣﻮزه روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺮدی زوﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی ﮐﻮدک ﻫﻤﺴﺮان را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد.

lived experiences of spouses’ childrens about child spouses and its issues

one of the fundamental challenges facing our society is the phenomenon of child marriage. despite legal and psychological opposition, the increasing prevalence of child marriage necessitates study and investigation. the purpose of the current research is to elucidate and explore the lived experiences of children who are spouses in child marriages, along with its issues and challenges. this study employed a qualitative approach using an interpretive phenomenological method. participants in this study were 15 children who were married off in shabestar city, selected through purposive sampling. data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. the transcribed interviews were analyzed using a hermeneutic approach, applying the analysis method proposed by diekelmann, allen, and tanner (1989). interviews continued until no new meanings emerged and researchers were satisfied with the depth of understanding. from the analysis of the child spouses' experiences, 894 codes were identified, yielding 5 main themes: factors contributing to child marriage, hopes and aspirations of children in child marriages, perceived harms, advantages of child marriage, and strategies to empower children in child marriages, along with 20 sub-themes. strategies to mitigate the challenges of child marriage include empowering children in emotional regulation, strengthening emotional bonds between spouses, successfully managing interactions, and enhancing the psychological knowledge, attitudes, and interpersonal skills of child spouses.