تحلیل اسالیب مواجهه الاستعمار لدى الشعراء الایرانیین والسوریین، محمد تقی بهار وبدوی الجبل انموذجاً

نالت قضیّه الاستعمار حیّزاً کبیراً من الفضاء الفکّری لدى شعوب الشّرق المستعمَر، ولدى الشّعراء الذین کانوا على الدّوام المحرّضین للثّوره من النّاحیه الفکریّه والدّاعمین لحرکات التغییر. وباختلاف شکل الاستعمار واسالیبه، کان للشّعراء اسالیبهم المختلفه فی مواجهه هذه الظاهره. تحاول هذه الدراسه رصد مواجهه الشّعراء الایرانیین والسّوریین لظاهره الاستعمار، وتتّخذ من الشّاعر الایرانی محمد تقی بهار، والشاّعر السوری بدوی الجبل انموذجین، وتتّبع هذه الدراسه المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی، ضمن المدرسه الامریکیه فی الادب المقارن. ومن النّتائج المتوخّاه من هذه الدّراسه، نجد انّ هناک تقارباً کبیراً فی التوجّه الفکری لدى الشّاعرین، فی اعطاء الاولویه لمساله مواجهه الاستعمار، واظهار سلبیاته، والتحریض ضدّه، ورفض سلبیه الجماهیر، ونشر ثقافه الدّوله وحقوق الشعب. الا انّه یبقى لکل شاعر خصوصیته واسلوبه المتمیّز الذی یختلف به عن الآخر،  فالشّاعر بهار اعتمد فی مواجهته على الاسلوب المباشر الصریح، بلغهٍ مُفصّلهٍ واضحه، وبتکثیفٍ لغویٍّ عالٍ، متّکئاً على لون الشّعر الحدیث وما یقدّمه من حرّیه فی التّوضیح والتّعبیر. بینما اتکا بدویعلى منهج الشعر الکلاسیکی، ملتزماً شروطه؛ مرکّزاً على شعریه النّص بوزنه وقافیته وموسیقاه.

Analysis of the forms of confronting colonialism among Iranian and Syrian poets Mohammad Taqi Bahar and Badawi Al Jabal as a model

The issue of colonialism gained a large part of the intellectual space among the colonized eastern people and among the poets who were always the intellectual instigator of the revolution and the supporter of movements for change. With the different forms and methods of colonialism, the poets had their different methods in confronting this phenomenon. This study attempts to monitor the Iranian and Syrian poets’ confrontation with the phenomenon of colonialism, and takes from the Iranian poet Mohammad Taqi Bahar and the Syrian poet Badawi Al Jabal as two examples. This study follows the analytical, descriptive and historical method. Among the expected results of this study, we find that there is a great convergence in the intellectual orientation of the poets, in giving priority to the issue of confronting colonialism, showing its negative aspects, and calling for new concepts, the most important of which are freedom, advancement and union, and spreading the culture of the state and people’s rights. However, each poet has his own peculiarity and style that differs from the other. Bahar relied on his confrontation on the direct and frank method, in a clear and detailed language, and with a high linguistic intensification, relying on the color of modern poetry and the freedom it offers of clarification and expression. While Al Badawi moved between the direct and indirect poetic style within the classical poetry method, adhering to its conditions, focusing on the poetry of the text with its rhythmic, rhyme and music.