دراسه الاتجاهات العابره للحدود الوطنیه فی اشعار عبد الوهاب البیاتی

تلعب الدراسه الموضوعیه للدواوین، وتحلیل النصوص؛ دورًا مهمًا فی فهم مختلف القضایا الثقافیه والاجتماعیه والاقلیمیه والعالمیه؛ اذ انّ الخصائص والقضایا الاجتماعیه والثقافیه تشکل الشخصیه والاسس الفکریه والعقائدیه للکاتب والشاعر. وبناء على ذلک لا یمکن فهم وتحدید نوع الموقف ونطاق الرویه والاهتمام عند الشاعر الا من خلال قصائده. من ناحیه اخرى، فان دوام الشعر یعتمد على افق الشاعر، لانه کلما اتسع هذا الافق لدیه،  فان شعره سیبقى خالداً فی اذهان الناس وفی التاریخ. اما اذا کان هذا الامتداد والافق مقصورًا عنده على عدد معین من الاشخاص ولوقت محدود، فمن الطبیعی جدا ان شعره سوف یموت بمغادره اولئک الذین جعلهم متلقین لشعره وینفد حین ینفد ذلک الوقت المحدد. علما انه احیانًا یکون خطاب الشاعر وشعره موجهًا الى امته فقط دون غیرها من الامم، ففی مثل هذه الحاله یبقى شعره داخل حدوده ولا یتعداها. وعلى العکس من ذلک، اذا کان خطاب الشاعر موجها الى خارج حدود امته، فانه سیدوم؛ ویسمى هذا النوع من الشعر بعبر الوطنیه او العابر للحدود الوطنیه. من بین الشعراء العرب المعاصرین، هناک عدد قلیل کامثال عبد الوهاب البیاتی یخاطبون الانسان نفسه نظراً الی القیم الانسانیه متجاوزین کل الحدود الجغرافیا. تهدف هذه الدراسه الی بیان افق البیاتی واهتمامه بالقیم الانسانیه العابره للحدود الوطنیه من خلال دراسه دیوانه. وبعد البحث والفحص یبدو ان السبب الکامن وراء جعل شعر البیاتی عابرا للحدود الوطنیه یعود الی تاثره بالمدرستی: المارکسیه والصوفیه کما هو واضح من قصائده. والامر الآخر الجدیر بالذکر ان هذا البحث الذی بین ایدینا یعتمد علی المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی لدی دراسته القیم العابره للحدود الوطنیه. والامر الآخر الذی یرید الباحث ان ینهوه عنه هو:  ان عرض العلامات والسمات والبیات المتوفره فی دیوان البیاتی وتقدیم النتائج من اهم اجزاء هذا البحث.

Transnational Approaches in Abdolvahab Bayati’s Poetry

Subjective study of poetical works and texts analysis play important roles in recognizing cultural, social, regional and global issues because, social and cultural features constitute a poet’s and an author’s personality and mental bases.  The poet’s outlook, insight and attention are understandable. Moreover, poem ineffaceability is depended on the poet’s point of view; the more expanded it is, the more ineffaceable it will be in people minds and all the history. However, if the extension is considered to the certain people and limited time, it will finish as soon as the time finishes and audiences leave. Sometimes, the poet’s audiences are including his nation and he remains inside the boundaries. But occasionally, the poet speaks beyond the boundaries which its secret is beyond the spatial limits called transnational. It should be noted that he is the poet of underclass people intended to develope equality and justice among different classes and tried to pack away injustice and cruelty from the society. Bayati considers Palestinians as his nation and hopes that palestinians will overcome Israelis one day. This transnational face of the poet has made him to manifest as an expressive language for nations. In addition to the realism, he was interested in romanticism and its different manifestations as well. Freedom, death, dream and beauty are of issues on which the poet focused romantically and epitomized himself and his trannational approach. Topics including realism and romanticism nostalgias are of the most considerable transnational layers in Bayati’s poems manifested in various topics. Nostalgia and its different manifestations shade on Bayati’s poems. Hope, exile, freedom and feminism are of the most important nostalgic manifestations in Bayati’s poem which reveals his transnational view. Among contemporary Arab poets, only a few address human as human kind and not within a certain limit.  In this study, Abdolvahab Bayati’s outlook and attention to the transnational human values and his poetical works are examined. It seems that the reason for Bayati’s poetry being transnational is due to his influences from the two schools of Marxism and Sufism, and this is evident in his poems. It is noted that transnational values are studied using analyticaldescriptive method.  The most important parts of this study include the presentation of data and tokens in Bayati’s poetical works and conclusion and results.