سردیّه القصیده الطّفولیّه وفقاً لمنهج فلادیمیر بروب قصیده احکی لکم طفولتی یا صغار لسلیمان العیسى نموذجاً

دراسه السّرد وعناصره المتعدّده منذ قرنٍ کانت تجلب انتباه کثیرٍ من الباحثین فی المباحث السّردیّه. فبداوا بدراسه انواع النتّاجات الادبیّه من منظار النّقد السّردی وتطوّرت نظریّاتهم النّقدیّه الادبیّه مع توسّع دائره الاعمال المتعلّقه بهذه النّظریّات. منها الاتجّاه الماخوذ لدى المنظّر الرّوسیّ فلادیمیر بروب الّذی اورد منهجا معتمداً على الشّخصیّه وقام بالبحث فی القصص المتعلّقه بالفلکلور الرّوسی حتى وصل الى انّ لکلّ قصّه بنیه ثابته مع وظائف ثابته الّا انّه تتغیّر الشّخصیّات فقط. وامّا من بین النّتاجات والآثار الادبیّه المتعدّده، شغلت النّتاجات الادبیّه الطّفولیّه حیّزاً واسعاً واصبحت موضع دراسه کثیرٍ من النّقاد؛ منها الشّعر الطّفولی الّذی یُعدّ طفلاً صغیراً بالنّسبه الى سائر الانواع. سلیمان العیسى، الشاعر السوری بنتاجاته الشّعریّه المخصّصه للاطفال یُعتبَر من روّاد الشعر الطفولی. اننا فی هذه الدّراسه انتخبنا قصیدته احکی لکم طفولتی یا صغار للدّراسه واعتمدنا على المنهج الوصفیّ التحلیلی على اساس منهج بروب المستخدم فی کتابه مورفولوجیا القصّه. فبعد ذکر مباحث نظریه عده قمنا بالوصف والتّحلیل للقصیده المذکوره؛ وقد وصلنا الى انّ العیسى یستخدم عده عناصر سردیّه کالشّخصیّه ووظیفتها التی تشکّل بناء منهج بروب الرّئیسی؛ انّه یحدّد الرّاوی والمکان او المشهد بلون طفولی جمیل وبهذه الطریقه یعطی للمتلقّی الصّغیر رویه جیّده فی ادراک شعره الطّفولی؛ وهو فضلاً عن کیفیّه ترکیزه على البطل ومعالجه الشّخصیّات یستخدم تقنیّه الحوار کاحدى عناصر السّرد الهامّه.

Narratology of the Child Poetry Texts Based on Propp’s Theory: Case study “I narrate my childhood for you, children” poem by Suleiman AlIsa

The study of narrative and its elements has been reported by lots of researchers of narratology scope so far as they proceeded to the investigation of different types of literary works with a narrativecriticism approach. With the expansion of narrating works the literarycritics theories have been developed including the famous Russian theorist’ approach, Vladimir Propp, that proposed a regular method with a reliance on character. He studied the Russian folklore stories and concluded that each of these tales had a constant structure with constant functions and just characters changed. In over past decades works related to childish literature has a special place and take into account by lots of critics including childish poem, among other types of contemporary literacy, is a toddler in the Arabic and even world literature. Among authors and poets interested in childish literature, Suleiman AlIsa is a Syrian one. In the present research, the elegy I narrate my childhood for you, children was selected and discussed using analyticdescriptive method focusing on Vladimir Propp method in the Morphology of the folk tales book. After mentioning theoretical discussion, the elegy was studied and concluded that AlIsa applied important features of narrating elements like character and its function and characterizations that is a base of Vladimir Propp while the context and narrator was stated simply, childishly and easily understandable in order to be understandable and tangible for his addressees, children. In addition to characterizations special for the processing of hero characteristic, the exchange technique was applied as one of the main narrative elements.