analysis of a delayed hiv pathogenesis model with saturation incidence, both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell transmission

In this paper, we proposed and studied a delayed hiv pathogenesis model with saturation incidence, both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell transmission. we address the basic reproduction number r0, the characteristic equations, and local stability of feasible equilibria are established. where the delay incorporates both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell transmission. moreover, we discuss the existence of hopf bifurcation when a delay is used as a bifurcation parameter. numerical simulations are performed to satisfy our theoretical results.