traffic control system techniques: a review

Controlling and managing traffic signals at road intersections is a demanding task in the transportation system to ensure vehicular traffic safety and a consistent flow of traffic. because of the significant increase in the number of vehicles on a daily basis, reducing road congestion has become a major concern in recent years. the urban transportation system requires effective solution techniques to cope with current traffic conditions and meet the ever-increasing demand for traffic. changes to urban infrastructure will take years, and in some cases may not be feasible. as a result, optimizing traffic signal time (tst) is one of the quickest and most cost-effective strategies to reduce congestion at intersections and improve traffic flow in the metropolitan network. to improve tst, researchers have been working on a number of ways as well as the use of technology. this paper aims to analyze recent literature published between 2014 and 2022 for various traffic signal management systems that have been developed to improve real-time traffic flow at junctions by optimizing tst and traffic signal control (tsc) systems and to provide insights, research gaps, and possible directions for future work for researchers interested in the field.