complex dynamics of a predator-prey model with harvesting effects on both predator and prey

A discrete predator-prey model with harvesting effects on both predator and prey is examined to reveal its chaotic dynamics. the model’s existence and local stability analysis are investigated. it is demonstrated that the model experiences period-doubling bifurcation and neimark-sacker bifurcation by using bifurcation theory. moreover, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the consistency of analytical conclusions as well as the model’s complexity owing to harvesting effects. it is shown that changing the harvesting parameters affects not only the number of fixed points in the model, but also the occurrence of different bifurcations.