تدوین مدل مدیریت بحران در اماکن ورزشی بر اساس سیستم پشتیبان تصمیم

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾ ﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان در اﻣﺎﮐﻦ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳ ﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﺸﺘ ﯿﺒﺎن ﺗﺼﻤﯿ ﻢ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺟﺰو ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎی اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ-ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و راﻫﺒﺮد اﺷﺘﺮاوس و ﮐﻮرﺑﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﻋﻀﺎ ی ﻫﯿﺌﺖﻋﻠﻤﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻓﺪراﺳﯿﻮنﻫﺎ ی ورزﺷﯽ و وزارت ورزش و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﺣﻮزه ورزش، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ 19 ﻧﻔﺮ از آﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان اﻋﻀﺎی ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎ از دو روش ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای )ﻣﺮور ﮐﺘﺐ، ﻣﻘﺎﻻت، ﭘﺎﯾﺎنﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ، اﺳﻨﺎد و ﮔﺰارشﻫﺎ ی رﺳﻤﯽ و...( و ﻣﯿﺪا ﻧﯽ )ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ دادهﺑﻨﯿﺎد و در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺎم ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺪﮔﺬار یﻫﺎی ﺑﺎز، ﻣﺤﻮری و اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار maxqda اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮارد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪ: ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﻠّﯽ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎی ﻣﻠﯽ و ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ، ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ورزش ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و...(، ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ای ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎی ﻧﯿﺮوی اﻧﺴﺎ ﻧﯽ، داﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ راﻫﺒﺮدی و ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ و....(، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪﮔﺮ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری، ﺿﻌﻒ ﻧﯿﺮوی اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﺸﮑﻼت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰاﺗﯽ و...(، ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻣﺤﻮری ) ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از dssدر ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان، ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ ی ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎ ی ورزﺷﯽ(، راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ ی راﻫﺒﺮدی ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎ ی اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ و...( و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ، واﮐﻨﺶ ﺳﺮﯾﻊﺗﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺮان و...(. اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ را ﺑﺮا ی ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺑﺤﺮان در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ. ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان در اﻣﺎﮐﻦ ورزﺷﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در ﺣﻮزه ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰی ﻣﺆﺛﺮ و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮔﺮهﮔﺸﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

developing a crisis management model in sport facilities based on a decision support system

the purpose of this study was to develop a crisis management model in sports venues based on the decision support system. in terms of nature, this study was of the exploratory-fundamental researches done using the qualitative approach and the strategy of strauss and corbin. the research population included university faculty members, directors of sports federations and the ministry of sports and youth, as well as sports experts, 21 of whom were selected as sample using purposive sampling method. in this study, two methods were used to collect data: library (review of books, articles, dissertations, official documents and reports, etc.) and field (interview with members of the research sample). data were analyzed based on grounded theory in three steps including open coding, axial coding and selective coding step. based on the research findings, the following cases were identified: causal conditions (changing environment, increasing national and international crises, lowering the future predictor, linking sport with society); underlying conditions include (improving human resource skills, having a strategic and operational plan, creating a crisis management structure in the organization, developing equipment and hardware, implementing knowledge management in the field of crisis management); interfering factors include (structural weaknesses, weaknesses in sectoral and inter-organizational cooperation, lack of a coherent and comprehensive and forward-looking plan, weakness in manpower, economic and equipment problems); pivotal phenomena include (use of dss in crisis management, development of crisis management model in sports organizations); strategies (development of a strategic model of crisis management, regular and continuous evaluation of the system, crisis management, identification of potential crises and preparedness to deal with, empowerment of human resources, implementation of decision support system); and consequences (conservation of resources and infrastructure, faster response of the organization to the crisis, economic benefits for sports organizations, improved quality of service, faster and more accurate decisions). these factors indicate the conditions for reducing the effects of the crisis in the organization. not having a specific crisis management plan in sports venues is one of the most important challenges in this field. then, paying attention to the results and findings of this research can be a solution in this field.