مهر، رقم جو متحمل به تنش شوری برای کشت در اقلیم معتدل کشور

ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ در اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزی دﻧﯿﺎ و اﯾﺮان ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﺷﺪه و ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ در دﻫﻪ ﻫﺎی آﯾﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎی ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ را در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﻨﺪ. رﻗﻢ ﺟﻮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺠﺮه roho/mazurka//rojoﺣﺎﺻﻞ از دورگ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1377-78در ﮐﺮج ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﺶ اﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ در ﻧﺴﻞ ﻫﺎی در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﺗﺎ رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺧﻠﻮص در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎی 1379-84در اردﮐﺎن ﯾﺰد ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری ( ecwater=10 des/mو ecsoil=12-14 des/m) اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در اراﺿﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری ) ecwater=10 des/mو (ecsoil=12 des/m) در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﮐﺸﻮر ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﺗﺮی رﻗﻢ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ رﻗﻢ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ ﺑﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮری ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ 4751ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، 655ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ( 16درﺻﺪ) ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ رﻗﻢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﯽ- ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ رﻗﻢ ﻣﻬﺮ در ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دارای ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری ﮐﺸﻮر (اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ﯾﺰد و وراﻣﯿﻦ) در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ رﻗﻢ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد 4217ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ رﻗﻢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ (3473 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر) 21درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﺷﺖ. رﻗﻢ ﻣﻬﺮ دارای ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ ﺷﺶ ردﯾﻔﻪ و ﻋﺎدت رﺷﺪی ﺑﯿﻨﺎﺑﯿﻦ (ﻓﺎﮐﻮﻟﺘﺎﺗﯿﻮ) ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎریﻫﺎی ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ﺟﻮ واﮐﻨﺶ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺎوم دارد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﺧﻮب رﻗﻢ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺷﻮری آب و ﺧﺎک در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﮐﺸﻮر، اﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮای ﮐﺸﺖ در اراﺿﯽ آﺑﯽ ﺷﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﮐﻮﯾﺮﻫﺎی ﻧﻤﮏ و ﻟﻮت ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎی اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ﯾﺰد، ﻗﻢ، ﮐﺮﻣﺎن، ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ، ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮی، ﺳﻤﻨﺎن و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﯽ از اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و ﺗﻬﺮان ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Mehr, Barley cultivar tolerant to salt stress for cultivation in the temperate climate of the country

The Mehr variety with code MBS8712 with the Roho/Mazurka//Rojo pedigree derived from the hybrids carried out in Karaj, Iran in 19981999. The stages of selection of Mehr variety were carried out in segregating generations to reach purity in Ardakan, Yazd, under conditions of salinity stress (EC water and soil between 1214 dS/m). The results of the preliminary yields and the advanced lines in 20052007 years under the conditions of salinity stress (EC 10 12 dS/m) showed the superiority of this cultivar for grain yield compared to the control cultivars (Nusrat and Khatam) showed. The data from the adaptive experiment that was carried out in four stations (Yazd, Isfahan, Birjand and Gonabad) during two years (138888 and 138988) under conditions of salinity stress (EC= 1012 dS/m) showed that Mean grain yield of Mehr cultivar was superior to control (Khatam cultivar), so that the average yield of Mehr variety was 4751 against 4096 kg / ha Khatam cultivar. In total, this line showed an average yield of about 655 kg / ha (about 16%) than control. The tests of extensional research in farmers’ fields showed in several regions with salinity stress (Isfahan, Khorasan, Yazd and Varamin) in temperate meadow during the years 199393 showed that Mehr variety with a mean yield of 4217 kg / ha versus 3473 kg / ha Khatam cultivar , Showed a 21% increase in performance. Mehr cultivar has a sixline spike, facultative growth habit and has a semisusceptible to resistant leaf disease.