unsteady numerical investigations of flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in a confined jet using two-phase mixture model

The development of high-performance thermal systems has increased interest in heat transfer enhancement techniques. the application of additives to heat transfer liquids is one of the noticeable effort to enhance heat transfer. in this paper two-dimensional unsteady incompressible nanofluid flow in a confined jet at the laminar flow regime is numerically investigated. the mixture model is considered to simulate the nanofluid jet flow inside the channel. the governing mass, momentum equations for mixture and dispersed phase and energy equation for mixture are solved using the finite volume method. the result showed the relative velocity is very small and negligible and the nanoparticles concentration distribution is uniform. results have been reported at different reynolds numbers for steady asymmetric jet development at various values of the duct-to-jet width ratio (aspect ratio) and different volume fractions of nanoparticles. the present computations are in a very good agreement with experimental and numerical results in open literature.