numerical study of a reverse electrowetting nanogenerator

The direct conversion of wasted mechanical energy into electrical energy is of significant interest, both from an environmental perspective and for applications such as self-powered sensors and electrical circuits in wireless networks. a power generator based on the reverse electrowetting concept has recently been introduced and extensively studied by researchers. a detailed understanding of the influence of design parameters on device performance is essential for further advancement. accordingly, a reverse electrowetting-on-dielectric (rewod) has been designed and mathematically modeled. the variable capacitance model is employed, and a numerical code has been developed to simulate the nanogenerator under diverse configurations and operating conditions. a comparison between the numerical results and those reported in the literature has been conducted to validate the simulations. the effects of parameters including dielectric thickness, bias voltage, frequency of mechanical motion, and external load resistance on the performance of the reverse electrowetting nanogenerator are systematically investigated and discussed. we acknowledge that reducing the dielectric layer thickness from 10−4 to 10−6 significantly enhances device performance, as the output power increases by approximately a factor of 40. results indicate that increasing the bias voltage amplifies the induced electric field, thereby enhancing water droplet polarization. furthermore, the nanogenerator's power output is shown to increase with both bias voltage and the frequency of mechanical motion.