heat transfer in mhd square duct flow of nanofluid with discrete heat sources

The effect of thermal and solutal buoyancy induced by a discrete source of heat and mass transfer in a square duct under the influence of magnetic field, especially at the turbulent regime for the first time is reported. al2o3/water nanofluid is used with constant heat flux from three discrete heat sources. in the present study, the effects of reynolds number (100 to 3000), particle volume fraction (0 to 2%) and magnetic field (ha = 10 to 90) on the nusselt number, pressure drop and wall temperature (at the axial and height directions) are represented graphically and discussed quantitatively. two percent al2o3-water nanofluid under ha = 10 can produce 81% increase in nusselt number with only 60% increase in pressure drop when compared to base fluid at re = 100. four percent enhancement in nanofluids cooling effect in the vicinity of a centre of the final heat source can be utilized in hot spots cooling.