قابلیت کاربرد مدل استعاری الکسیوا در اصطلاح ‏شناسی

استعاره نقش بسیار مهمی در توسعه و انتقال دانش و نیز در علم اصطلاح‌شناسی، به­خصوص ااصطلاح‌‌شدگی دارد. استعاره‌های علمی خلاف استعاره‌های ادبی، در فهم و آموزش علم موثر هستند و با ایجاد «آشنازایی» روند اصطلاح‌سازی را تسهیل می­کنند. در این راستا، ارائۀ مدل استعاری نقش بسزایی در ترجمۀ ماشینی و هوش مصنوعی در حیطۀ اصطلاح‏شناسی دارد. سوالی که به ذهن می‌رسد این است که آیا مدل استعاره‌ای الکسیوا که براساس آن استعاره‏ها نوعی «حامل‌های زبانی» محسوب می‌شود، می‌تواند مدلی کارآمد در اصطلاح‌شناسی و اصطلاح‏سازی باشد؟ در این تحقیق، پس از تعریف استعاره و ذکر دسته‏بندی آن، ابتدا به تحلیل مدل اصطلاح ‌استعاری الکسیوا می­پردازیم و در گام بعدی مدلی استعاری پیشنهادی خود را با توجه به مثلث معنایی آگدن و ریچاردز معرفی می­کنیم و نیز مثال‏هایی ارائه می‏دهیم. نتایج حاکی از آن است که مدل ساعت شنی الکسیوا استعاره را فرایندی می‏داند که از جهان ذهن به جهان زبان حرکت می‏کند، حال آنکه در ساخت اصطلاح گاه استعاره‏های مفهومی و گاه استعاره‏های زبانی نقش دارند.

Possible Application of Alexeeva’s Metaphorical Model in Terminology

Human being perceives phenomena by perceiving another series of phenomena, especially by using metaphors which enormously facilitate the comprehension of abstract concepts. While metaphors play an important role in generating science, language and even remodeling our way of thinking, there is hardly specific model for metaphors that can be used in scientific branches and particularly in terminologization. Building a model would not only be useful for word formation but also appears fruitful for terminologization in artificial intelligence and machine translation. The question which may be raised here is whether to know if it is possible to design a model which compiles both conceptual and lexical categories so that it represents a combination of platonic & Aristotelian perspectives and definitions longly addressed for metaphor. To answer the above mentioned questions; we have adopted Alexeeva’s metaphorical model which is in continuance with platonic perspectives on the subject and is in alignment with cognitive approaches. The hypothesis may be formulated as if Alexeeva’s model would be sufficient enough in creating new metaphors. Once we have briefly evoked the recent investigations about metaphor and have quickly revised its functional classifications, we analyze its pertinent illustrations in Persian corpus language and present our new model on the basis of cognitive sciences. We would finally see the possibility of terminologization in our new proposed model. The results of this investigation show that Alexeeva’s metaphorical model is not fullyfledged enough to be addressed in terminologization. However by altering and moderating some features of this model, we may redesign the sand hour glass model so that the concepts which are shaped in the 1st sphere is mapped via assimilation in the 2nd sphere, according to which a single term , may find two different extensions in their respective spheres. Although the term used in 2nd sphere is conceptually speaking similar to the 1st sphere, but the extensions of term in these two spheres are considerably different. As the extension of the term utilized in the 1st sphere is extended, the 2nd sphere has used the metaphor in a different sphere or context. Consequently, our proposed model is not merely projected in language, but the terms created inside it are nourished mutually by conceptual lexical realm. Therefore, in contrary to what it is stated by Alexeeva, metaphors are not exclusively lexically labelled, but they are also conceptually marked. We are finally convinced that according to the context that metaphors are utilized in, we could expect different extensions and appreciations of the terms.