گونه‌شناسی گفتارهای قالبی در چرند و پرند دهخدا

گفتار قالبی‌شده بخشی از یک زبان است که می‌تواند حامل معانی و مصادیق متعددی باشد. گفتارهای قالبی‌شده معمولاً به‌صورت ضرب‌المثل، کنایه، اصطلاحات ‌و زبان‌زدها و بیشتر در زبان محاوره‌ به‌کار می‌روند و نقش موثری در ارتباط‌های اجتماعی و گسترش زبان از لحاظ ساختاری و مفهومی دارند و بخشی از هویت، فرهنگ و تاریخ هر جامعه هستند که شناخت آن‌ها موجب شناخت بهتر فرهنگ، زیرساخت‌ها و تحولات زبانی هر جامعه زبانی می‌شود و تحلیل آن‌ها در یک متن نیز موجب شناخت بهتر زوایای پنهان و سبک آن متن می‌شود. در مقالات دهخدا، گونه‌های مختلفی از گفتارهای قالبی وجود دارد که در بطن هر یک از آن‌ها، مفاهیم عمیق اجتماعی، فرهنگی و زبانی نهفته است که شناخت آن‌ها به شناخت سبک و زبان مقالات دهخدا و جامعۀ روزگار او کمک می‌کند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر که با روش کیفی (تحلیلی توصیفی) انجام می‌شود، تحلیل و بازشناسی گونه‌های قالبی‌شده در چرندوپرند دهخدا در سه دسته ضرب‌المثل، کنایه، اصطلاحات‌ و زبان‌زدهاست. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی کاربرد این ساخت‌ها در چرندوپرند و تاثیر آن‌ها بر زبان و سبک این مقالات انجام می‌شود. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که دهخدا با استفاده از این ساخت‌های قالبی، اوضاع و شرایط جامعۀ خود را ترسیم کرده و مطالبش را با سرعت و در عین حال به‌صورت فشرده و عمیق به مخاطب منتقل کرده است. استفاده از این ساخت‌ها موجب شده تا نثر چرندوپرند به زبان محاوره‌ای نزدیک شود. همچنین بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که اصطلاحات ‌و زبان‌زدها (220 مورد)، کنایه (81 مورد) و ضرب‌المثل (51 مورد)، به ترتیب پرکاربردترین گونه‌های ساخت‌های قالبی در مقالات دهخدا هستند.

The Typology of Formulaic Speech in Charand o' Parand of Dehkhoda

A formulaic speech is a part of language which can carry many meanings, themes and instances. Formulaic speech are commonly used in proverbs, metaphors, idioms and languages and more in conversational language and play an effective role in social communication and language development both structurally and conceptually. They are part of a community #39;s identity, culture and history whose understanding will lead to a better understanding of culture and society and the linguistic infrastructure and developments of a language community. Also, analyzing and recognizing them in a text gives a better understanding of the hidden angles and style of that text. In Dehkhoda #39;s articles, there are various types of formulaic speech that in each of them lies deep social, cultural and linguistic concepts and understanding them helps to understand the style and language of Dehkhoda #39;s articles and the society of his day. The present study uses qualitative (analyticaldescriptive) method to analyze and recognize patterns of species in Dehkhoda #39;s Charandoparand in three categories: proverb, irony, idioms and languages. The results of the research show that using these molded structures, Dehkhoda has depicted the conditions of his community and it has conveyed its content quickly and deeply to the audience. The use of these constructions has also led to the closest proverbial proverb to colloquial language. Idioms (220 Items), Irony (81 Items) and Proverbs (51 Items) are the most commonly used forms of molding in Dehkhoda #39;s articles.1. IntroductionLanguage is composed of different components and textures.One of them is formulaic speech. These expressions are used in specific and limited social situations and are current and common in any language and are considered as an accepted part of that language. Knowing them leads to a better understanding of the language and discovering their meanings and their relationship with different social groups and classes of users.Also, the study of formulaic speeches in textual research which allows the study of different linguistic layers in a text. Dehkhoda #39;s articles are full of all kinds of stylized expressions of language. Dehkhoda has used these discourses creatively, in a way that his style can be identified through these stereotypes. The present article will examine these speeches Statement of the problems: Formulaic speeches are the preprepared parts of the language which play an important role in social communication and language development. Examining these statements can help to examine the text more precisely; because these speeches show and contain different literary, cultural and social aspects of the text. This article uses analytical method to examine the Formulaic speeches in Dehkhoda #39;s articles. This study makes Dehkhoda #39;s articles more deeply understood.Research aims: The present study aims to analyze and recognize formulaic speeches in Dehkhoda #39;s Charandoparand in three categories: proverb, irony, idioms .Research questions:This study wants to find some answer to these questions:Which molded constructions are most used in Dehkhoda #39;s articles and how Dehkhoda used each of them and how the existence of these constructions can affect the language of the text?Research hypothesis: The main premise of the present article is that Dehkhoda has been able to use all kinds of formulaic speeches in order to create a better and more effective relationship with the society of his time and solve the social and political problems of that period in simple, intimate and at the same time efficient and effective language. 2. MethodsThe research method in this article is analytical and descriptive. Also, different types of formulaic speeches in ldquo;CharanoParand rdquo; of Dehkhoda nonsense have been studied and categorized. 3. Results and InnovationThe results of the research show that using these molded structures, Dehkhoda has depicted in Charando Parand the conditions of his community and it has conveyed its content quickly and deeply to the audience. The use of these constructions has also led to the closest proverbial proverb to colloquial language. Idioms (220 Items), Irony (81 Items) and Proverbs (51 Items) are the most commonly used forms of molding in Dehkhoda #39;s articles. These speeches have not been studied in Dehkhoda #39;s articles so far