واکاوی ساختار لفظی و محتوایی ملمّعات در مناقب علوی ابن ‌حُسام خوسفی

دیوان شعری ابن حُسام، شاعر و مدیحه ‌سرای صاحب ‌نام قرن نهم هجری، مهم‌ترین اثر او مشتمل بر قصاید، غزلیات، ترجیع‌بندها، رباعیات و مثنوی‌های زیبا و دلنشین است. او شاعری آیینی است که تسلط وی بر علوم زمانش، به ویژه تفسیر، حدیث و رجال موجب شده تا بسیاری از آیات قرآن و احادیث را در گفتارش به نظم درآورده و آن‌ها را به انواع صنایع لفظی و معنوی بیاراید. بارزترین این صنایع که نمود قابل توجهی در اشعارش یافته، دوزبانگی یا تلمیع است. براین‌اساس در پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از ابزار کتابخانه‌ای و روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به ساختار لفظی ملمّعات و ساختار محتوایی آن در مناقب علوی ابن‌حُسام پرداخته شده است. در دیوان ابن حُسام، ملمّعات در سه محور ملمّعات قرآنی، ملمّعات حدیثی و ملمّعات خود شاعر آمده است. مناقب علوی به موضوعاتی مانند اخلاق، ارزش‌های دینی، فضیلت علمی، شرح جنگ‌ها و ذکر دلاوری‌ها اختصاص دارد که شاعر به طور ماهرانه این ویژگی ها را  به زیور آیه‌ای از قرآن یا حدیثی از پیامبر(ص) آراسته است. بی‌شک این امر علاقه‌ی ابن‌حسام به قرآن کریم و مضامین آن و اشراف کامل او بر زبان وحی را نشان می‌دهد. پرداختن به تنوّع ملمّعات و مضامین آن‌ها، علاوه بر اینکه کاری هنرمندانه در عرصه‌ی ادبیات آیینی است، ما را با گستره‌ی اندیشه و تفکر این شاعر بزرگ آشنا می‌سازد.

a study of the literal and content structure of macaronic language in ibn husam khusfi’s alawi religious panegyrics

ibn husam is one of the most prominent poets of devotional and shia literature of the 9th century ah. he excelled in various sciences such as syntax, rhetoric, history, exegesis, hadith, biographical studies, astronomy, and history. he was a poet of odes and did not have an independent style, often emulating the poets who came before him (lamei-giv, 2015: 75). his works include diwan ash’ar (collection of poems), nathr al-la’ali, dala’il al-nubuwwah, nasabnameh, and khavaran-nameh. due to his genuine faith in islam and the quran, as well as his familiarity with the holy book and his mastery of hadith and anecdotes about the ahl al-bayt (peace be upon them), he has employed many verses and hadiths in the form of macaronic language. the odes dedicated to the praise of the ahl al-bayt in his diwan can be considered a collection of valuable prophetic hadiths and noble quranic verses. the research aims to analyze the poetic technique of macaronic language used by ibn-husam in his alawi religious panegyrics. the study focuses on two main questions:why did ibn husam employ the literary device of macaronic language in his religious poetry praising the virtues of imam ali (peace be upon him)?what is the underlying message conveyed through macaronic language in ibn husam’s alawi religious panegyrics?extensive scholarship is available on ibn husam, yet a dedicated analysis of macaronic language within his diwan remains absent. while briefly mentioned in certain studies, macaronic language in ibn husam’s poetry warrants in-depth investigation. notably, this poetic technique is predominantly employed in extolling the prophet and the ahl al-bayt (peace be upon them), encompassing diverse themes from islamic history and the virtues of the prophet’s family. methodthis research employs a descriptive-analytical approach and library resources to analyze the macaronic language within ibn husam’s diwan. by meticulously examining the religious panegyrics dedicated to imam ali (peace be upon him), the study identifies quranic and hadith-based macaronic language for in-depth analysis of both literal and content structures. findingsibn husam’s mastery of arabic, coupled with his profound knowledge of quranic recitation and interpretation, is evident in his frequent incorporation of relevant quranic verses. his poetic artistry is often enhanced by the inclusion of entire quranic verses or their carefully selected fragments. the macaronic language, a prominent feature of his poetry, can be classified into three structural categories: quranic, hadith-based, and innovative. the pervasive presence of quranic verses and hadiths, especially in his praises and accounts of imam ali’s virtues, transforms his poetry into a devotional literary work and, in essence, a compendium of quranic and hadith wisdom.to accommodate poetic form and meter, ibn husam skillfully adapted quranic verses and hadiths, at times employing excerpts and other times citing them in full. thematically, his poetry can be categorized into three primary areas: the manifestation of quranic verses and hadiths, the delineation of personal and social virtues, and expressions of devotion and love for imam ali. with a realistic perspective and scholarly acumen, ibn husam leveraged quranic teachings and hadiths to elevate the prophet’s family’s stature. through admonition and guidance, he fostered love and reverence for the ahl al-bayt (peace be upon them) as the guardians of spiritual authority. conclusionibn husam, an enduring figure in the religious literature of khorasan in the 9th century ah, made significant strides in defending the sanctity of the ahl al-bayt (peace be upon them) through his valuable works.