the role of nanotechnology in enhancing biotechnology and biodiversity conservation efforts in nigeria: opportunities, challenges, and future prospect

Background: nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative tool in various scientific fields, including biotechnology and biodiversity conservation. this paper explores the significant potential of nanotechnology in advancing these areas within the context of nigeria. the study highlights how nanotechnology can enhance agricultural biotechnology through the development of nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides, which improve nutrient efficiency and pest management, leading to increased crop yields and reduced environmental impact.methods: in this systematic review, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for this review using several databases, including pubmed, scopus, and google scholar. the search focused on articles published in english between january 2000 and december 2023. a total of 83 articles relevant to nanotechnology and biodiversity conservation were selected. out of these, 37 articles were identified using a targeted selection approach for their specific focus on nanotechnology, biodiversity conservation, and biotechnology within the nigerian context. the data were organized thematically to address the role of nanotechnology in enhancing biotechnology and biodiversity conservation efforts. key discussions, conclusions, and recommendations from the reviewed studies were consolidated into a comprehensive summary.results: in medical biotechnology, nanomedicine provides advanced solutions for targeted drug delivery, offering significant improvements in treating prevalent diseases like malaria and tuberculosis. furthermore, the paper discusses the application of nanotechnology in biodiversity conservation, particularly through environmental monitoring and pollution control. nanosensors and nanofilters are pivotal in detecting pollutants and protecting ecosystems, thus supporting conservation efforts.conclusions: the integration of nanotechnology in nigeria’s biotechnology sector and biodiversity conservation initiatives promises to address local challenges such as disease outbreaks, food security, and environmental degradation. by leveraging global advancements, developing countries can harness nanotechnology to achieve sustainable development and improve the quality of life for its population.