Analysis of 3-d folded polygonal loop antennas

This paper explores methods to reduce the plane surface area of a polygonal loop antennas by folding it up into 3-dimensions (3-dfl) .with the modification of the normal loop, the relationship between the dimensions of the modified loop are explored to achieve the design goals. the antenna analyzed using numerical electromagnetic code nec. differences between full (unmodified) loop antennas and the modified loop antennas of the same dimensions are examined .the antenna characteristics such as gain, input impedance, radiation pattern and current distributions are shown. reducing the plane surface area of the loop antenna allows for more commercial uses in handsets. by manipulating the dimensions of the modified loop antenna it's possible to adjust its parameters to achieve maximal operation at a specific band. as a result it has been confirmed that the modified loop antennas characteristics : gain, vswr, and radiation patterns are in well agreement with those of unmodified loops.