removal of chromium (vi) from wastewater by palm kernel shell-based on a green method

The potential of palm kernel shell, as agricultural waste, to remove cr (vi) from aqueous solution was evaluated. effective parameters such as ph (2–8), temperature (20–80 °c), contact time (10-120 min), adsorbent concentration (0.1–1 g/l), and initial cr (vi) concentration (10-100 mg/l) were all studied to attain the maximum removal efficiency. results show the adsorption capacity increases as ph value decreases and the optimum ph value is ph= 2.0. the other optimal conditions are temperature 40 °c, contact time 45 min, adsorbent concentration 0.5 g/l and initial cr (vi) concentration 10 mg/l. the equilibrium data for chromate adsorption well fitted to freundlich equation, with maximum adsorption capacity of 125 mg/g. this novel activated carbon derived from palm shell powder has been found to be effective for the removal of cr (vi) and not noxious to the ecosystem.