how to choose hazard perception test scenarios in rapid bus transit routes? a ranking study

Traffic safety and behavioral studies have long been critical areas of focus in urban transportation research. among behavioral studies, hazard perception in driving has been identified as a key factor in reducing road accidents and improving overall traffic safety. in recent years, with the rise in accident statistics, hazard perception models have gained significant attention and are increasingly being implemented across various countries. this study explores the prioritization of hazards using the mabac (multi-attributive border approximation area comparison) method for application in hazard perception test scenarios, alongside examining the factors influencing hazard perception among city bus drivers. to achieve this, drivers operating on one of tehran's busiest and most accident-prone bus routes, specifically the khavaran-azadi route, were analyzed. the findings reveal that the crossing of motorcyclists and pedestrians into bus lanes is the highest-priority hazard to be incorporated into hazard perception tests for bus drivers. the results of this research can be applied to enhance hazard perception and prediction tests for city bus drivers, improve driver evaluation and training programs, and increase the safety of dedicated bus lanes.