اثر افزودنی های گیاهی تجاری کوکسان، اوایکس پلنت و انتکس در آب و خوراک بر عملکرد رشد، ریخت شناسی و میکروفلور روده و پاسخ ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی

در این تحقیق، اثر افزودنی های گیاهی تجاری کوکسان، اوایکس پلنت و انتکس بر عملکرد رشد، ریخت شناسی و میکروفلور روده و پاسخ های ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی بررسی شد. تعداد 336 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس 308 در قالب طرح کاملاَ تصادفی با هفت تیمار، چهار تکرار و 12 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار توزیع شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شاهد (بدون افزودنی گیاهی) و اضافه کردن افزودنی های گیاهی کوکسان در خوراک (mg/kg 300) و آب (l 1000/ ml200)، اوایکس پلنت در خوراک mg/kg) 200) و آب (l 1000/ml 135) و انتکس در خوراک  (mg/kg 500) و آب (l 1000/ml 350) بودند. مصرف روزانه خوراک و آب، افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در کل دوره، تفاوت معنی داری را در بین تیمارها نشان نداد. همچنین تیمارهای آزمایشی بر طول نسبی دئودنوم، ژژنوم، سکوم و کولون، و طول و مساحت پرز، عمق کریپت، ضخامت لایه لامینا پروپریا، ضخامت لایه عضلانی و ضخامت لایه ادونتیس اثری نداشتند. افزودن اوایکس پلنت و انتکس در خوراک سبب کاهش شمار باکتری اشریشیا کلی شد و مصرف کوکسان در آب، اوایکس پلنت در خوراک و آب و انتکس در خوراک سبب افزایش شمار باکتری های لاکتوباسیلوس شد (0.05>p).  عیار آنتی بادی علیه srbc در 28، 35 و 42 روزگی در تمام جوجه های مصرف کننده افزودنی گیاهی در آب  بالاتر بود (0.05< p). نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از این افزودنی های گیاهی در آب نسبت به افزودن آنها در خوراک سبب افزایش بیشتر پاسخ های ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی می شود.

effect of adding commercial phytogenics of coxan, o.x. plant, and entex in feed and water on growth performance, intestinal morphology and microflora, and immune response of broilers

introduction: the use of medicinal plants and their derivatives can stimulate feed consumption, increase daily weight, feed conversion ratio, increase shelf life, improve the health and function of the digestive system. it seems that the use of an optimal mixture of several medicinal plants in the diet has positive effects on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens in comparison to each one. nowadays, with the popularization of ready-made feed in raising broiler chickens, many breeders tend to add food additives in drinking water. therefore, it is a question that adding these compounds in feed or drinking water makes a difference. three commercial plant additives that are used today are coxan, o.x. plant, and entex. coxan contains oregano (with the active ingredient of menthol) and garlic (with the active ingredients of allin and allicin), o.x. plant contains savory (with the active ingredients of carvacrol and thymol), thyme (with the active ingredients of thymol and carvacrol) and red pepper oleoresin (with the active ingredient of capsaicin), entex contains cinnamon (with the active ingredient of cinnamaldehyde), and garlic and eucalyptus (with the active ingredient of cineol). the aim of this research was to compare the effects of using these commercial plant additives (in water and feed) on growth performance, intestinal microflora and morphology and immune response of broilers.materials and methods: a total of 336 ross 308 broilers were examined in a completely randomized design with seven treatments, four replications, and 12 chickens per replication. experimental treatments included: control (without phytogenic in feed or water), coxan in feed (300 mg/kg) and in water (200 ml/1000 l), o.x. plant in feed (200 mg/kg) and in water (135 ml/1000 l) and entex in feed (500 mg/kg) and water (350 ml/1000 l). daily weight gain, daily feed intake, daily water intake and feed conversion ratio were measured. at 42 days of age, two birds were selected from each experimental unit and after slaughter, the length of the intestinal components was measured separately (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). to determine the microbial population, samples were taken from the ileum of chickens. emb culture medium was used to determine escherichia coli population and mrs culture medium was used for lactobacillus bacteria. to check the humoral immune response, 0.1 ml of 25% sheep red blood cell solution in pbs was injected into the breast muscle of chickens on the 12th and 29th days of rearing. blood was taken from the chickens on the 28th, 35th and 42nd days of breeding and the levels of anti-srbc, and immunoglobulins g and m were calculated. antibody titer against newcastle disease was measured by hi method.results and discussion: the effect of additives in water and feed on average daily feed consumption, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and daily water consumption was not significant in the whole period. since the amount of water consumed by the chickens did not change, it can be concluded that the additives added to the water in the examined amounts do not have a spicy or unpleasant taste that would cause the birds to refuse to drink water. the relative length of duodenum, jejunum, cecum and colon was not affected by experimental treatments. however, the relative length of the ileum was lower in the chickens that received entex in the feed compared to the control group. no significant difference was observed in the relative length of different parts of the intestine in the treatments that received herbal additives either in feed or water.