مدیریت افکار عمومی، ابزار قدرت نرم در حمایت از ارزش‌های بنیادین سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

اﻣﺮوزه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﺰار ﻗﺪرت ﻧﺮم ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺻﺪور و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ و ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎی ﻗﺪرت، ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ و ﻧﻔﻮذ دوﻟﺖﻫﺎ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ج.ا.ا اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ زﻣﯿﻨﻪای ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﮥ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻃﯽ آن ﺑﺎ 22 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ رﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﻠﻮماﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻋﻠﻮمﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و آﯾﻨﺪهﭘﮋوﻫﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎی ﺗﻬﺮان و ﻋﻼﻣﻪ ﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﺋﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻧﻈﺮیِ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺷﺒﻬﻪ اﻓﮑﻨﯽ در اﺻﻮل ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، اﯾﺮان ﻫﺮاﺳﯽ و اﺳﻼم ﻫﺮاﺳﯽ، دوﻟﺖ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ و ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ، ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻻﮐﭽﺮی و ﻓﺴﺎد ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺒﻬﻪ در ﮔﺰارة دﺷﻤﻨﯽ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ و رژﯾﻢ ﺻﻬﯿﻮﻧﯿﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﯾﺮان، ﺗﻀﻌﯿﻒﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎی اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮری اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺷﻤﻦ ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺒﻬﺎﺗﯽ، ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﺣﺎﮐﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ در ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻧﻈﺎم )اﺳﺘﮑﺒﺎرﺳﺘﯿﺰی و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ﻣﺴﺘﻀﻌﻔﺎن(، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻓﺮم آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﺳﺘﯿﺰی و ﺻﻬﯿﻮﻧﯿﺴﻢﺳﺘﯿﺰی در ﮐﺸﻮر، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰی ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ رﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ و ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋیﻫﺎی ﺻﺪور و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ج.ا.ا در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﻄﻤﺢ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اذﻋﺎن داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻫﻢ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در راﺳﺘﺎی ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ارزشﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ج.ا.ا ﻗﺪم ﺑﺮدارد و ﻫﻢ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻀﻌﯿﻒ اﯾﻦ ارزشﻫﺎ. ﻟﺬا اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐِ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺘﻮان زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ارزشﻫﺎی ﻣﺬﮐﻮر و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊِ آن، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ارزشﻫﺎﯾﯽ را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻮد.

managing public opinion, a tool of soft power in supporting the fundamental values of the foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran

the current research was conducted with the aim of managing public opinion in support of the fundamental values ​​of the foreign policy of the republic of azerbaijan. the qualitative research method was based on grounded theory, relying on the semi-structured interview technique, during which 22 professors of social sciences, political sciences, and future studies of tehran and allameh tabatabai universities were interviewed through targeted theoretical sampling. the findings showed that casting doubt on the fundamental principles of foreign policy, iranophobia and islamophobia, weak and inefficient government, luxurious lifestyle and corruption of the officials and creating doubt on the proposition of the hostility of america and the zionist regime to iran, weakens public opinion in support of the fundamental values ​​of politics. the foreigner of the islamic republic was by the enemy. in the face of such doubts, bringing the discourse of the government closer to the society on the issue of the fundamental values ​​of the system's foreign policy (anti-arrogance and support for the oppressed), changing the form of anti-americanism and anti-zionism in the country, cultural planning and management of the media and social networks as the most important solutions for issuing and supporting one of the fundamental values ​​of j.a.'s foreign policy was the management of public opinion. as a result, it can be acknowledged that public opinion can both support the fundamental values ​​of the foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran and undermine these values. therefore,