اولویت بندی عوامل تلفات برق با ترکیب روش‌های تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و تاپسیس (مطالعه موردی: شرکت توزیع نیروی برق جنوب استان کرمان)

تلفات برق در شهرستان جیرفت در استان کرمان به عنوان یک دغدغه برای شرکت توزیع نیروی برق جنوب استان کرمان محسوب می شود که منجر به ضرر و زیان مالی و کاهش درآمد شرکت می شود. لذا این شرکت برای تمرکز و رسیدگی بر عوامل اصلی تلفات در این شهرستان نیاز به اولویت بندی این عوامل دارد. در نتیجه هدف این تحقیق اولویت بندی عوامل تلفات برق در شهرستان جیرفت می باشد. در این مقاله با استفاده از تحقیقات گذشته و مصاحبه با خبرگان این حوزه ابتدا معیارهای اصلی دخیل در تصمیم گیری شناسایی شدند و سپس با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسه مراتبی معیارها وزن‌گذاری شدند. در ادامه عوامل تلفات با استفاده از مستندات شرکت شناسایی شدند و با استفاده از روش تاپسیس عوامل تاثیرگذار با توجه به معیارهای وزن گذاری شده اولویت بندی شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد در شهرستان جیرفت از بین عوامل تلفات فنی، تلفات کنتور و وسایل اندازه گیری و تلفات ناشی از نامتعادلی بار در فازها و توزیع تکفازه فشار ضعیف به ترتیب در اولویت اول و دوم قرار دارند. همچنین استفاده غیر مجاز از برق به صورت مخفی و پنهان به عنوان مهم ترین عامل تلفات غیر فنی در این تحقیق شناخته شد.

Prioritization of electricity loss factors by combining analytic hierarchy process and TOPSIS (Case study: Southern Kerman Power Distribution Company)

From the viewpoint of electricity distribution companies, electricity losses are the difference between the delivered energy and the output energy, or in other words, the difference between the energy purchased and the energy sold. Electricity statistics in Iran show a share of about 23 percent of electricity losses, half of which are related to the distribution network. Electricity distribution losses fall into two categories: technical losses and nontechnical losses. Technical losses are the part of the losses that occur due to the nature of the equipment in the distribution network. In contrast, nontechnical losses are the total loss of electricity that is not due to the electrical nature of the network. Due to the importance of different types of electricity losses, a lot of research has been done in this field in order to reduce these losses as much as possible. However, little research has been conducted on prioritizing waste reduction strategies. Electricity losses in Jiroft City, Kerman province are a concern for Southern Kerman Power Distribution Company as they lead to financial losses and reduce the company rsquo;s revenue. According to the received statistics, the energy delivered to this city in 2018 was 1005 million kilowatts, while the sales of the company in this city was 854 million kilowatts. Therefore, the amount of electricity losses in this city is 141 million kilowatts, which is equal to 15% of the delivered energy. Therefore, this company needs to prioritize these factors in order to focus and address the main causes of losses in this city. As a result, this study aims to prioritize the causes of electricity losses in Jiroft City. In this paper, by using previous research and interviews with experts in this field, the main criteria involved in decision making were identified, and they were then were weighted using analytical hierarchical process method. Then, the causes of power losses were identified using the documents of the company, and the effective factors were prioritized according to the weighted criteria using the TOPSIS method. The results showed that, in Jiroft City, among the factors of technical losses, the losses of meters and measuring devices and the losses due to the unbalanced load in phases and singlephase distribution of low pressure were in the first and second priority, respectively. Unauthorized use of electricity in hidden manner was also recognized as the most important cause of nontechnical losses in this case study.