The efficacy of some pesticides on cotton yield, damage symptoms, and population of the cotton shredder bug, Creontiades pallidus (Hemiptera: Miridae) under field conditions

The cotton shredder bug, creontiades pallidus rambur (hemiptera; miridae), is a significant pest of cotton, causing extensive damage to cotton leaves and bolls. this study assessed the effectiveness of commercial formulations of phosalone (pho), thiamethoxam (thx), thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin (thx + lam), and spirotetramat (spi) under field conditions, using both onetime and two-times spray applications. in the one-time spray plots, thx and thx + lam demonstrated the highest efficacy in reducing c. pallidus populations, as well as mitigating damage symptoms like black spots on cotton bolls and leaves and shredding of cotton blossoms for up to 49 days compared to the control group. however, the effects of spi and pho were temporary and diminished after approximately 31 days. when the plots were sprayed for the second time after 30 days, all pesticides significantly decreased pest populations and damage symptoms for up to 49 days. the highest cotton yield in the one-time spray plots was achieved with thx application (323.8 ± 10.62 g cotton/m2), while the spitreated plots exhibited the lowest yield (275.7 ± 5.1 g cotton/m2). all thx, thx + lam, and pho treatments yielded statistically similar results in the two-times spray plots. our findings suggest that thx and thx + lam were the most effective pesticides for controlling c. pallidus populations and mitigating damage symptoms in cotton fields.