explanation and configuration of south caucasus and azerbaijan (nw iran) cultures during the bronze and iron ages

The khojaly-gadabay (xocali-g.d.b.y) culture is well-established in the archaeological literature of therepublic of azerbaijan. chronologically, it spans the late bronze age and early iron age in the caucasus region,and iron ages i and ii in northwest iran. within archaeological literature, this culture has various designations.in the republic of azerbaijan, it is known as central zaghafia and ganja-garabagh culture, while in armeniait is referred to as lechashen-metsamor culture. however, the name khojaly-gadabay prevails due to its initialidentification in this azerbaijani region. consequently, most archaeological data on this culture comes fromcemeteries, with no settlements identified. this article utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach, drawing onarchaeological data and comparisons, to explore the culture’s key characteristics. the study seeks to answer twofundamental questions: what are the essential archaeological features of this culture within the studied region?how can we explain the point of formation, origin, and spread of this culture? unveiling these unknowns willprovide a clearer understanding and a suitable foundation for studying this culture in northwest iran.