مطالعه تطبیقی عوامل موثر بر اعتماد نهادی زنان ایران و ترکیه با تاکید برزنان جامعه ایران

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺻﺪد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی زﻧﺎن ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی اﯾﺮان و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی زﻧﺎن اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﯾﺮان ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﺮازوﻓﺮودﻫﺎی زﯾﺎدی ﺑﻮده و ﻧﻘﺶ و ﺣﻀﻮر زﻧﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺑﺨﺶ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد زﻣﺎﻧﯽ آﺷﮑﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ آن را از اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت رواﺑﻂ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺪاﻧﯿﻢ. زﻧﺎن ﺑﺮای ﺣﻀﻮر در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ از اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﻮع ﻧﻬﺎدی آن ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد در ﻣﯿﺎن زﻧﺎن اﯾﺮان و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ ﻫﺴﺖ. در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ داده ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرداﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﺮای آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ داده ﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ارزش ﻫﺎ (wvs) ﻣﻮج ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎی 2005 ﺗﺎ 2008 ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی زﻧﺎن در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺶ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واردﺷﺪه در ﻣﺪل رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ، اﺛﺮات ﺳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻋﺘﻘﺎد ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮی ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت و اﺣﺴﺎس رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ آﻣﺎری ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. دراﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻦ ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮی ﻣﻌﺎدل 0/13 ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت زﻧﺎن ، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی ﻧﯿﺰ در آﻧﺎن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی زﻧﺎن در اﯾﺮان ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺶ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واردﺷﺪه در ﻣﺪل رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ، اﺛﺮات ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻋﺘﻘﺎد ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮی ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت، ﺳﻦ و اﺣﺴﺎس رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ آﻣﺎری ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺘﺎ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮی ﻣﻌﺎدل 0/31 ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت زﻧﺎن، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ در ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه وﺟﻮد اﺷﺘﺮاﮐﺎت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻓﺮاوان در ﻣﯿﺰان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﻬﺎدی ﻣﯿﺎن زﻧﺎن در دو ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ اﺳﺖ.

A Comparative Study of the Factors Affecting the Institutional Trust of Iranian and Turkish Women Emphasizing the women of Iranian society

The present study seeks to study the factors affecting the institutional trust of women in Iran and Turkey. The study method in this work is of secondary analysis type. In the present study, the data used to test the research hypotheses from the global data survey set of values ​​(wvs) of the survey wave from 2005 to 2008 have been used.The results of multivariate regression analysis show that among the six variables introduced in the regression model, the effects of the three variables of belief in gender equality, education and sense of life satisfaction on institutional trust were statistically significant. At the same time, the variable of education with a coefficient of effect of 0.13 shows that with the increase of women’s education, the level of institutional trust in them has also increased. Also, the results of multivariate regression analysis in Iran show that among the six variables included in the regression model, the effects of four variables of belief in gender equality, education, age and sense of life satisfaction on institutional trust were statistically significant. Comparing the standard beta regression coefficients, the education variable with a coefficient of effect of 0.31 indicates that with the increase in women’s education, the level of institutional trust has also increased. The similarity in the obtained results indicates that there are many cultural commonalities in the level of institutional trust between women in Iran and Turkey.