سنجش میزان آگاهی و دانش زیست‌محیطی جوامع روستایی (موردمطالعه: ناحیۀ روستایی چغاخور)

طرح مسئله: در دهه‌های اخیر افزایش فاجعه‌آمیز تخریب محیط‌زیست در ابعاد مختلف آن، موردتوجه جامعه‌ جهانی قرار گرفته است. در زمینه‌ این نابسامانی‌های محیطی، نباید بسیاری از رفتارهای نامناسب را که نتیجه‌ ناآگاهی و نداشتن دانش زیست‌محیطی بوده است، نادیده گرفت و نواحی روستایی به دلیل ارتباط نزدیک‌تر با محیط، اثرات دوچندانی در این خصوص دارند.هدف: سنجش و ارزیابی میزان آگاهی و دانش زیست‌محیطی روستاییان در ناحیه‌ روستایی چغاخور است.روش: نوع پژوهش کاربردی و از حیث روش توصیفی تحلیلی و مبتنی بر پیمایش است. جامعۀ آماری شامل روستاییان در ناحیه‌ چغاخور از توابع شهرستان بروجن است. بدین منظور به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی تعداد 251 نمونه از 2065 خانوار انتخاب و بررسی شد.نتایج: میانگین نمرۀ میزان دانش زیست‌محیطی در گروه نمونه 140.27 بوده و بالاتر از نمرۀ برش است؛ بنابراین میزان آگاهی و دانش زیست‌محیطی روستاییان در سطحی بالاتر از حد متوسط است. همچنین نتایج آزمون خی ‌دو و ضریب همبستگی اتا نشان‌دهندۀ آن است که بین جنسیت و تاهل با سطح «آگاهی و دانش زیست‌محیطی» رابطۀ مثبت و متوسط وجود دارد. برای متغیرهای سن و تحصیلات نیز با توجه به مقدار ضریب تی.بی کندال 0.179 و 0.401 این رابطه به‌ترتیب منفی ضعیف و مثبت متوسط است؛ اما برای متغیرهای وضعیت فعالیت و نوع اشتغال روستاییان رابطه‌ای وجود ندارد. برعکس این رابطه، برای متغیر درآمد به‌صورت ضعیف وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه با مقدار f (1.248) معنی‌دار نیست و این امر حاکی از آن است که تفاوت مکانی درخصوص میزان آگاهی و دانش زیست‌محیطی وجود ندارد.نوآوری پژوهش در کاربرد شاخص‌های متناسب با شرایط محلی، نوع آزمون‌ها و مکان پژوهش است.

Evaluating Environmental Awareness and Knowledge of Rural Communities (Case Study: Choghakhor Rural Area)

AbstractProblem Definition: In recent decades, the catastrophic increase in environmental degradation in its various dimensions has been considered by the international community. In the context of these environmental disorders, many inappropriate behaviors that are the result of ignorance and lack of environmental knowledge should not be ignored and rural areas can have a double impact in this regard due to their closer relationship with the environment.Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the level of environmental knowledge and awareness of the villagers in the rural area of Choghakhor.Methodology: This research is applied and descriptiveanalytical (based on survey) in terms of type and method, respectively. The statistical population includes villagers in the Choghakhor area of Boroujen County. Accordingly, 251 samples from 2065 households were selected by random sampling and questioned.Results: The results of the study show that the average score of environmental knowledge in the sample group is 140.27 which is higher than the cutoff score; therefore, the level of villagers’ environmental awareness and knowledge is above average. The results of the chisquare test and ETA correlation coefficient show that there is a positive and moderate relationship between gender and marital status with the level of awareness and environmental knowledge. For the variables of age and education, according to the value of Kendall’s taub correlation coefficient 0.179 and 0.401, this relationship is negativeweak and positiveaverage, respectively. But, there is no relationship between the level of environmental awareness and knowledge and the villagers’ employment status or occupation. Conversely, this relationship exists weakly for the income variable. 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