بازسازی معنایی خودکشی زنان به روش نظریۀ زمینه‌ای (مطالعۀ موردی زنان خودسوختۀ بستری در بیمارستان سوختگی شهر اصفهان)

پدیدۀ خودکشی افزون بر زیان‌های شخصی و خانوادگی، یک زیان اجتماعی نیز شمرده می‌شود. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بازسازی معنایی خودکشی در زنانی است که اقدام به خودکشی کرده‌اند. روش‌شناسی استفاده‌شده برای نیل به هدف فوق، نظریۀ زمینه‌ای است. مشارکت‌کنندگان 18نفر از زنان خودسوختۀ بستری در بیمارستان سوختگی امام موسی کاظم (ع) شهر اصفهان بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و نظری انتخاب شدند. یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده شامل 15 مفهوم بود. براساس این مفاهیم، 6 مقولۀ عمده (خشونت، ناسازگاری و تعارضات زناشویی، نبود سرمایۀ اقتصادی- اجتماعی، اختلاف در شبکۀ خویشاوندی، سوء مصرف مواد مخدر و انزوای اجتماعی)، به دست آمد. پس از ترکیب و تلفیق مقولات، «عدم توانمندی زنان» به‌عنوان مقولۀ هسته شناسایی شد. براساس یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده، توانمندنبودن زنان در همۀ ابعاد آن، پیامدهای منفی بسیاری در حوز‌ه‌های مختلف زندگی زنان (خانوادگی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و...) به‌همراه دارد.

meaning reconstruction of female suicide using grounded theory: a case study of immolated women hospitalized in isfahan burn hospital

introduction suicide and attempted suicide have been declared significant public health and an antisocial behavioral issue at the world health organization (who) summit in 1996. in addition to personal and family losses, this phenomenon is also considered a social loss. suicide attempts aim to consciously harm oneself when he/she becomes more anxious, aggressive, and incapable of communicating socially. according to the definition provided by who, suicide attempt is an activity, in which a person intentionally and without the intervention of others performs an unusual behavior, such as doing self-harm or eating a substance more than the amount prescribed for treatment and aims to achieve the changes he/she expects. the rate of suicide attempts is 10-40 times higher than suicide that leads to death, while this rate is increasing due to the complexity of interactions and communications in all human societies. although suicide attempt is as old as human life, what has made it a problem today is a significant increase in suicide statistics, which has turned it from a personal anomaly into a social problem. due to the condemnation of suicide in some societies, access to accurate statistics is complex and the actual number of suicide cases is not usually reported in official statistics. however, in most countries where information is available, suicide is among the top 10 causes of death in all years of life. in some countries, suicide is one of the first 3 causes of death between the ages of 15 and 34 (hosseini, 1999: 138). the published statistics suggest that suicide is more than an individual anomaly and has become a complex social problem. if we consider any social harm as a social germ, it can be said that each embryo occurs only in an environment where it is possible to grow and grow. therefore, it seems that this damage is also in a society where it can manifest and grow in family, social, and economic contexts, etc.. consequently, it is necessary to process research in this field to accurately and comprehensively understand this problem and provide practical and valuable solutions and treatments.