renal involvement in covid-19 among iranian children

Background: information about renal involvement in pediatric patients with covid-19 is limited, and there is not enough data about renal and urinary tract involvement in children infected with this novel virus. objectives: this study aimed to determine the spectrum of kidney diseases in pediatric patients with covid-19, admitted to a tertiary children’s hospital. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 71 pediatric patients with covid-19 infection. diagnosis of covid-19 was established basedonthe guidelinesby the iranian ministry of health. the patients’ demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, and renal ultra sonography findings were extracted from the hospital medical records. results: on admission, 10% of patients had oliguria, 7.7% had edema, and 3% had hypertension. the first urinalysis indicated proteinuria, leukocyturia, and hematuria in 46%, 24%, and 23% of the patients, respectively. overall, 40.7% of the patients showed some degree of renal involvement. during hospitalization, acute kidney injury (aki) occurred in 34.5% of the patients. based on the pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney disease (prifle) classification, stage i (risk group) was found in 20% of patients, stage ii (injury group) in 25% of patients, and stage iii (failure group) in 55% of patients with aki. the total mortality rate was estimated at 12.67%, and the incidence of in-hospital death was 30% in pediatric patients with severe covid-19 infection associated with aki. conclusions: the prevalence of aki was high in patients with covid-19 infection hospitalized in our tertiary hospital.we also found that a decrease in renal function was associated with a higher risk of mortality. overall, early detection of aki and effective treatment may help reduce mortality in patients with covid-19.