Prevalence of Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (Pre XDR-TB) and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) among pulmonary Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at a tertiary care center in Mumbai

Background: india is a high burden country for tuberculosis (tb). as per the world health organization (who) statistics,24000 cases of multi drug resistant (mdr) tb were diagnosed in india in 2014. mdr-tb patients consist of a heterogeneous cohort and management has its challenges. aims and objectives: we studied the prevalence of pre-extensively drug resistant tb (pre xdr-tb) and extensively drug resistant tb (xdr-tb) among patients of pulmonary mdr-tb not previously exposed to second-line anti-tuberculous drugs and having baseline second-line drug susceptibility testing (dst) against fluoroquinolones (fq) and aminoglycosides (am). results: we included 227 patients. on the basis of the dst,patients were grouped into- 1) mdr-tb,2) mdr-tb with fq resistance {pre xdr-tb (fq)},3) mdr-tb with am resistance {pre xdr-tb (am)} 4) xdr-tb. of the 227 patients,89 (39.2%) had mdr-tb,127 (55.94%) had pre xdr-tb (fq),none had pre xdr-tb (am) and 11 (4.86%) had xdr-tb. nine (4%) patients were human immunodeficiency (hiv) infected and 25(11%) had diabetes mellitus (dm). conclusion: this study highlights the importance of baseline dst to fq and am in patients of diagnosed or suspected mdr-tb. we encountered a higher prevalence of pre xdr-tb (fq) which of concern in management of mdr-tb. © journal of krishna institute of medical sciences university.