تجلیّات الاستعارة الفضائیة فی ادعیة الصحیفة السجّادیة فی ضوء نظریة لایکوف وجونسون

الصحیفة السجّادیة غنیّة عن التعریف فهی ثالث مرجع فی تراث آل‌البیت علیهم‌السلام، واورده الامام السجاد علیه‌السلام بصیغة بلاغیة راقیة جدّاً. والاستعارة تعدّ افضل آلیة لتصویر ادعیته التی اکثرها تنشا عن الثقافة العقدیة وایمانه بالله سبحانه وتعالى؛ وهذه الاستعارات الفضائیة نابعة من صمیم تجارب الامام السجاد (ع) الیومیة، ولغته الاعتیادیة ولیست مجرّد زخرفة وتزیین فی البلاغة، فلا یمکن الاستغناء عنها او تجاهلها، فهی حصیلة تفاعل بین فکرین نشیطین، وعن طریق التفاعل تلعب الادعیة فی الصحیفة السجادیة دوراً اساسیاً سواء اکان بین القارئ والمتلقی ام کان بین الامام ومحیطه الذی یعیش فیه. انَّ نظریة الاستعارة المضمونیة تقدّم لاوّل مرّة من جانب جورج لایکوف ومارک جونسون فی کتابهما &الاستعارات التی نحیا بها&، حیث راى الاثنان بانّ الاستعارة لیست سوى وسیلة للمعرفة، تُسهم فی بلوَرَةِ التصوّرات المختلفة للانسان، فکلّ تجاربنا فی المحیط هی بالدرجة الاولى تجارب استعاریة، ونظراً الى انّ الاستعارة تعتبر بنیة فی التصوّر لها علاقة وثیقة بدماغ وذهن الانسان، لکونها تسهم فی المعرفة وانتاج المعنى والفهم، ومن بین الاستعارات التی قام البحث بدراستها: الاستعارة الفضائیة باعتبارها نشاطاً ذهنیاً، وانتاجها لتصورات من خلال الدور الذهنی، تنتج تفاعل بین المجالین الحسّی والذهنی وهی ترتکز الاستعارات الفضائیة على التصورات الفیزیائیة البسیطة مثل فوق- تحت، داخل- خارج والمرکز- الهامش او الحاشیة. انَّ البحث یعتمد فی هذه الدراسة بالمنهج التحلیلی- الوصفی، حیث یستخرج الاستعارات الفضائیة من بین ادعیة وکشف دلالاته السامیة. ومن اهمّ نتائج هذه الدراسة: انّ الاستعارة الفضائیة فی الصحیفة السجّادیة تکمن بنیة صورّتها فی الضعف، الخضوع، الوعی، المستقبل، اللاوعی، الفشل، الانهزام، الانتصار ویستند الامام السجّاد (ع) الى التجارب الفیزیائیة وهی مرتبطة بالکائنات التی تحدّدها الاتجاهات الفضائیة نحو الاسفل: تحت، الاعلى: فوق، الورائیة: وراء، الامامیة: امام. واهمّ الخطاطات التی تحضر فی استعارات الصحیفة السجّادیة هی خطاطة المسار العمودی فی مضمون التمرّد عن طاعة الله، الثنائیات الفضائیة فی الاستعاذة بالله من سیّئات الاخلاق، خطاطة الاتجاه والحرکة فی الاستعانة بالله عزّوجل للتخلص من الخطایا وغضبه.

manifestations of space metaphor in the supplications of al-sahifa al-sajjadiyya in the light of the theory of george likaf and mark johnson

the hymns of the sahih al-sahifa al-sajjadiyyah of imam al-sajjad, peace be upon him, the book of al-sahifa al-sajjadiyya needs no introduction, as it is the third reference in the heritage of the ahl al-bayt, peace be upon them, in addition to containing sixty-one supplications, in the arts of benevolence, types of worship, seeking happiness, and teaching the servants how to resort to their creator in times of distress and how to ask for their needs. and how do they humiliate themselves before the almighty, and all of this was mentioned by imam al-sajjad, peace be upon him, in a very elegant rhetorical formula. this study aims to reveal the perceptions generated from human life experiences, and there is no doubt that the human mind has an effective role in producing them by going beyond the fact that metaphor is a rhetorical decoration of texts. and the interpretation of societal knowledge, and the expansion of the space of its significance, and that is through the interaction in the relationship between the mind and human language and the environmental, psychological and social experience, and the study was carried out in the light of the substantive theory of george lakoff and mark johnson in their book metaphors we live by, where the two saw that the metaphor is only a means of knowledge it contributes to the crystallization of different perceptions of man, because all our experiences in the environment are primarily metaphorical experiences, and given that metaphor is a structure in perception that has a close relationship with the human brain and mind, as it contributes to knowledge and the production of meaning and understanding, and among the metaphors that we have studied: ontological metaphor or existentialism, which gave us an additional basis for understanding according to our experiences with physical things, which in turn depends on the diagnosis, the containment plan, the entity and the material, to move to the conceptual structural metaphor that arises with our experiences directly, based on understanding the structure of the abstract field mediated by the structure of the source, which is the tangible field, up to the directional metaphor as a mental activity, and its production of perceptions through the mental role, produces an interaction between the sensory and mental fields. all perceptions are related to the human mind, relying in our study on the analytical/descriptive approach as a procedure for extracting the metaphors rooted in the texts of supplications that we are in the process of analyzing and studying.the use of the space metaphor by imam al-sajjad, peace be upon him, is inevitably a concern for the human self above all else, in addition to its bearing on all of our ideological, social and cultural practices, so that it gives our thinking a system for understanding things and reflects our thinking as well. although our study is a large collection of supplications, we found metaphorical expressions, and these expressions are from the core of our ordinary, daily speech. this indicates that the supplications include among their folds and folds expressions that stem from the core of our ordinary, ordinary language. the expressions are also identical with metaphor, and thus they form part of we talk about different topics from the usual way. the spatial conceptual metaphor, which was advanced in the light of cognitive linguistics, expresses the cultural dimension of the imam, peace be upon him, by linking the linguistic phenomenon and the cultural dimension with pictorial directional principles and then clearly expressing the process of understanding, so that the existing meanings are supposed to be expressed directionally. and then we achieve it cognitivelywe have come to the conclusion that the metaphor stems from the core of our daily experiences and our usual language and is not merely an embellishment and embellishment in rhetoric. it cannot be dispensed with or ignored, as it is the result of interaction between two active thoughts, and through interaction supplications in the sahifa al-sajjadiyya play an essential role, whether it is between the reader. and the receiver, or was it between the human being and his surroundings in which he lives, as the metaphor enables human thinking to deal with the reality surrounding it.