differences in clinical outcomes between smokers and non-smokers infected with covid-19

Cigarette smoking is a risk factor associated with different diseases, claiming millions of lives annually. smoking status has been studied for a long time and proved to be a major cause of smokers' decreased immunity. in the present pandemic covid-19 disease, there was an unclear belief about the effect of smoking on patients with covid-19. therefore, the current cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the sequelae of covid-19. this cross-sectional study involved 200 covid-19 patients (114 males and 86 females) aged 13-77 years. a number of 87 patients were smokers, and the rest of them were nonsmokers. all patients underwent a comprehensive laboratory assessment and diagnosis by full medical history by the physicians. the results indicated a significant difference (p<0.001) between smokers and non-smokers in terms of hypertension, anticoagulant, steroid therapy, pulmonary lesion, oxygen saturation, and duration of disease. as an overall conclusion, it can be stated that covid-19 is less severe in smokers and they require less intensive treatment.