Spatial diversity gain of MIMO single frequency network in passive coherent location

Recently, it has been shown that applying mimo technology, i.e. using multiple antennas at the transmit side and multiple antennas at the receive side, improves the performance of object detection and localization. in such scenarios, the spatial diversity specifically helps overcome the fading of the cross section of the object, leading to reduced probability of missed detection. such a phenomenon is, in fact, the dual of probability of bit error reduction in communication systems due to diversity gain. despite the importance of such performance enhancement, this subject has not been sufficiently investigated in the pcl (passive coherent location) schemes, where the transmitters (or illuminators of opportunity) used for localization are already present in the environment. especially, in cases where the transmitters are working in a sfn (single frequency network), such as the dvb-t (digital video broadcasting-terrestrial) signal, and all are transmitting the same signal, the situation becomes of higher importance. obviously, the effect of the sfn environment invalidates the assumption of sending orthogonal waveforms traditionally used in localization schemes. in this paper, we design the neyman-pearson detector for a pcl scheme and show that we can achieve the desired diversity gain for such a design as well.