Numerical analysis on crushing stress of sand in constitutive model with particle crushing

Estimation of crushing stress is important to understand the crushingmechanism and shear strength of granular material. one simple constitutive model usingthe reference crushing stress had been proposed for describing the variation in strengthand deformation behavior of sand before and after particle crushing occurrence. theprediction capacity of the constitutive model is examined for representing the variationin mechanical behavior of relative high crushable sand. this study presents the parametricanalysis on the reference crushing stress and examines its eect on the mechanical behaviorof cambria sand. numerical results demonstrate that peak stress ratio increases andcontractive behavior becomes less obvious with larger reference crushing stress. the stressratio and dilatant ratio at failure with variable reference crushing stresses and conningpressures are also demonstrated. predicted results indicate that reference crushing stressis basically dependent on the inherent feature and type of sand but has some relationshipwith the ultimate strength of a single particle. the linear relationship between the referencecrushing stress and the yield stress decided in one dimensional compression test has beenobtained on the logarithmic plot. the reference crushing stress can be applied as oneeective strength index for sand in macro viewpoint.