Modeling active micromixers with multiple microstirrers using smoothed particle hydrodynamics

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics method is used to explore the eectsof design parameters on the mixing eciency of two types of active micromixer. first, thecomplex ow eld and the mixing process of two separated uids in a square mixing chamberwith nine symmetric microstirrers are simulated. the inuence of design parameters, suchas the microstirrer rotation arrangement and the angular velocity of the microstirrer, onthe mixing performance, is investigated. the mixing index parameter on ten control pointsis calculated and the average mixing index is compared for dierent cases. simulationsillustrate that the rotation arrangement of microstirrers is a key parameter in the mixingprocess. then, a parametric study is performed for a horizontal and a y-shaped activemicromixer, where the inuence of length, angular velocity, rotation or oscillation movementof the microstirrer, inlet reynolds number, and inlet stream angle is investigated. it isalso illustrated that the inlet reynolds number and the struhal number are prominentparameters that aect the mixing eciency of this type of active micromixer.