Smart structures: Part 1-Active and semi-active control

This paper and a companion paper present a state-of-the-art review of significant research performed in the area of smart structures. the focus of the review is journal articles published since 1997. this paper reviews articles on active and-semi active control of structures using a variety of systems.active control systems include active tuned mass dampers, distributed actuators, active tendon systems and active coupled building systems. semi-active control systems include: magnetorheological (mr) fluid dampers, semi-active stiffness dampers. semi-active tuned liquid column dampers, and piezoelectric dampers. a review of hybrid control systems and control strategies is presented in the companion paper.