reliability enhancement of active distribution grids via emergency v2g programs: an analytical cost/worth evaluation framework

In this paper, an analytical cost/worth evaluation framework is presented for determination of optimal reliability enhancement plan in active distribution systems. in this regard, it is assumed that emergency vehicle-to-grid (v2g) programs provided by parking lots will be deployed for supplying loads during network outages and the optimal number of participating electric vehicles (evs) is determined using a reliability cost/worth method. through the presented framework, annual social costs of the distribution system, including investment costs, operating costs, revenues, and customer interruption costs (cic), are minimized. to this aim, an estimation procedure of different cost terms will be introduced. moreover, an appropriate analytical framework is presented for the calculation of cic and a simple method is developed for estimating the financial costs of emergency v2g programs. the presented framework is implemented for a test system, various emergency v2g programs are investigated, and the results are discussed.