a new computing perturb-and-observe-type algorithm for mppt in solar photovoltaic systems and evaluation of its performance against other variants by experimental validation

Solar energy is becoming the mainstream energy source by drawing considerable attention of analysts these days. the output power of a photovoltaic (pv) system fluctuates with temperature and sunlight, affecting its efficiency. to extract accessible power by a pv system, maximum power point tracking (mppt) method is adopted. a famous strategy regularly utilized due to its simplicity and low cost is the perturb and observe (po) algorithm. however, there are a few downsides with po algorithm, which result in power loss and low efficiency. we compared the performance of the conventional po with some enhancements, especially a recent po variant, for mppt. experiments were conducted at different irradiances and temperature levels in two ways, namely with load and with battery, by conventional po and its variants. the strategy to reach optima and stability of the methods were discussed. the po variants were rated from the viewpoints of stability, accuracy, post-mpp oscillations, and tracking speed. the modifications were proven to be fruitful for the practitioners working with mppt in pv solar systems using po algorithms. simulation results were validated using real-time experimental results. the new po variant appeared to be a reliable computing algorithm for mppt in solar pv systems.