Vendor-managed inventory system with partial backordering for evaporating chemical raw material

Consider a supply chain including a re nery producing evaporating chemical product, an exporter, and one or some engine oil producers outside the exporter's country. the exporter uses vendor-managed inventory system implemented between re nery and exporter to decrease his/her inventory cost. this paper develops two models with partial backordering for evaporating chemical product developed in a two-layer chain including single re nery and single exporter with one product before and after utilizing vendormanaged inventory policy. demand and partial backordering rates are deterministic and constant. a numerical example is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model and solution method.