Effects of anaerobic exercise and detraining on the caspase-3 expression of rat ventricular cardiomyocyte

Background: anaerobic physical exercise is a high intensity physical exercise performed in a short time. this exercise can stimulate apoptosis in left ventricular cardiomyocytes. the aim of this study is to analyze the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes after anaerobic exercise and detraining. methods: thirty two wistar rats ratus novergicus 250-350 grams (8-10 weeks old) were divided into the following groups (n = 4) and given naerobic physical exercise four and 12 weeks (group exc-4, exc-12) and anaerobic exercise followed by four weeks of detraining (exc-4-d, exc-12-d). the control groups were only observed in the same period (group ctl-4, ctl-12, ctl-4-d, ctl-12-d). at the end of observation, the rats were sacrificed and examination of the expression of caspase-3 as an indicator of apoptosis was done using immunohistochemical staining. data were analyzed with anova test. results: an increase in expression of caspase-3 in the group exc-4 (72.03%) compared to the ctl-4 (27.22%), (p < 0,001); and exc-12 (79.30%) compared to the ctl-12 (30.53%) (p = 0.027). detraining process showed a significant decline capase-3 expression (31.12% in exc-4-d and 30.44% in the exc-12-d). conclusion: anaerobic physical exercise can increase apoptosis in rat left ventricle cardiomyocyte characterized by increased expression of caspase-3. detraining can improve heart condition characterized by decreased expression of caspase-3