پیشگیری از زنای به عنف در سیاست کیفری اسلام و ایران

زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ از ﺟﺮاﯾﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﺷﻪ دار ﺷﺪن ﻋﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و آﺛﺎر ﻣﺨﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ روان و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮم ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬارد. ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺮب اﯾﻦ ﺑﺰه ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪی زﯾﺎد و ﻧﺎﮔﻮار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﻮاﻧ ﯿﻦ اﺷﺪ ﻣﺠﺎزات را ﺑﺮای اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮم ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ. ﺟﺮم اﻧﮕﺎری در ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺰه زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ در ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻓﻘﻪ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺪت واﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ا ﯾﻦ ﺑﺰه در ﻗﻮاﻧ ﯿﻦ، ﺧﻮد، ﺑﯿ ﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﻫﻤﯿ ﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮم اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪون ﺗﺮدﯾﺪ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ از زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ دارای اﻫﻤّﯿﺖ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً از دو ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﺳﺖ: راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎی ﮐﯿﻔﺮی و اﺳﺘﻔﺎدة از ﻣﺪدﮐﺎری ﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ ﮐﻨﺸﯽ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎی ﻋﻠﻤﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان درﺻﺪد ﺑﺮآﻣﺪﻧﺪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﺮی اﺳﻼم و اﯾﺮان را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﺮی اﺳﻼم و ﻓﻘﻪ و ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در اﯾﺮان ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺟﺮم ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ وﯾﮋه ای دارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺑﻪ آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮد؛ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و وﺿﻌﯽ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺰﻫﮑﺎران ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه، ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺑﺰﻫﮑﺎران و آﻣﺎج ﻫﺎی ﺟﺮم، ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ در ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ زا، ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی، ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ارزش ﻫﺎ ی دﯾﻨﯽ و ﺣﺠﺎب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﭘﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از وﻗﻮع ﺟﺮم زﻧﺎی ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻒ.

prevention of rape in the criminal policy of islam and iran

forced adultery is one of the crimes that lead to the violation of public modesty and leaves destructive effects on the psyche and health of the victim of this crime. the destructive consequences of this crime are so numerous and unfortunate that the laws have determined severe punishments for it. criminalization of adultery has been done in our legal laws due to the influence of islamic jurisprudence. the severity of the reaction to this crime in the laws shows the importance of preventing it. undoubtedly, it is very important to take preventive measures against rape. these measures can often be realized in two ways: 1. through criminal solutions, 2. through social work and action measures. this research is written by examining and comparing researches and other scientific achievements with a descriptive-analytical method, and it tries to identify the most important components of the prevention of forced adultery in the penal policy of islam and iran. this research has found that the prevention of forced adultery in islamic criminal policy and jurisprudence, especially in iran, has special criminological components that should always be paid attention to, including social and situational prevention, control of potential criminals, protection of criminals and crime targets, educational measures in the family and social environment, reduction of irritants, cultural and socialization measures, promotion of religious values and islamic hijab, and police measures to prevent the occurrence of this crime of rape.