ارائه مدل مفهومی از مولفه های فضای زیست پذیر با نگاه بیوفیلیک

ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺸﺮ ﺑﺮای ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ دﻧﯿﺎی ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻧﯿﺎزی اﺳﺖ ﻓﻄﺮی ﮐﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ آن در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﻬﺎی زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ارﺗﻘﺎی ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. از ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺳﻨﺘﯽ اﯾﺮان و اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان آﯾﺘﻤ ﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، ﻧﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺧﺎص وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ وﻟﯽ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺻﻮل ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺧﻮد را ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﺮده ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﮔﺮم و ﺧﺸﮏ ﺟﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی ﭘﺎﯾﺪار دﻧﯿﺎ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ وﻟﯽ ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﮑﺮدن ﺑﻪ ارزﺷﻬﺎی ﺑﻮﻣﯽ، ﺳﺮزﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺧﻮد را از دﺳﺖ داده اﻧﺪ. ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺑﯿﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﻣﻬﻢ ﺳﺪه ﺟﺪﯾﺪ و ﭘﺎﺳﺨﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﺌﻮری ﻫﺎی اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﻏﺮﺑﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺗﻔﺎوﺗﻬﺎی ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺸﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ، ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ اﺻﻮل ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﯿﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل ﻣﻌﻤﺎری در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﮔﺮم و ﺧﺸﮏ و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻓﻀﺎی زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎه ﺑﯿﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿ ﮏ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﺪﯾ ﺪ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺮد اﯾﺮان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و روش اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺟﻤﻊ آوری داده ﻫﺎ از روﺷﻬﺎی اﺳﻨﺎدی )ﺑﺮای ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻬﺎ( و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ )ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺟﻤﻊ آوری داده ﻫﺎ و از spss ﺑﺮای ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺮرﺳﯿﻬﺎ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻓﻀﺎی زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎه ﺑﯿﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺑﯿﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿﮏ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﺘﺎ، ﻣﻌﯿ ﺎر ﺑﯿﻮﻣﻮرﻓﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﺣﺼﻮل زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی دارد و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزش و آﮔﺎﻫﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ دوم و ﺳﻮم ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. .در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﻣﺪﻟﯽ (ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻫﺮﻣﯽ ﺷﮑﻞ) ﺑﺮای دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺮد اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

presenting a conceptual model of living space components with a biophilic view

humans' need to connect with the natural world is an innate need, and transferring its concepts to the design of living environments will improve the quality of life. in the past, there has been a special look at traditional iranian architecture and climate as an influential item in design, but currently, there are few spaces that have preserved the principles of their past architecture. cities with hot and dry climates were considered among the most sustainable cities in the world, but due to lack of attention to indigenous values, they have lost their vitality. biophilic design is one of the important needs of the new century and a logical response to the problems that have arisen. most of the theories presented are by western researchers and, in terms of their cultural differences with iranian culture, the main goal of this research is to adapt the principles of biophilic approach to the principles of architecture in hot and dry climates and to achieve the effective components on creating a livable space with a biophilic perspective in the new city of hashtgerd, iran. the present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its applied purpose and its method. documentary methods (to explain the indicators) and survey methods (observation and questionnaire) were used to collect data. given the quantitative nature of the research, a questionnaire was used to collect data and spss was used to analyze the data. the new city of hashtgerd was selected as the study area and investigations were conducted on achieving the effective components on creating a livable space with a biophilic perspective. the results indicate a direct correlation between biophilic design variables and livability, and based on the beta coefficient, the biomorphy criterion has the greatest impact on achieving livability, and the criteria of education and awareness, culture, and community are in second and third place, respectively. finally, a model (pyramidal design) was presented to achieve livability in the new city of hashtgerd.