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   conditional probability of derangements and fixed points  
   
نویسنده gutmann sam ,morrow steven ,mixer mark
منبع transactions on combinatorics - 2023 - دوره : 12 - شماره : 1 - صفحه:11 -26
چکیده    The probability that a random permutation in s_n is a derangement is well known to be displaystylesumlimits_{j=0}^n (-1)^j frac{1}{j!}. in this paper, we consider the conditional probability that the (k+1)^{st} point is fixed, given there are no fixed points in the first k points. we prove that when n neq 3 and k neq 1, this probability is a decreasing function of both k and n. furthermore, it is proved that this conditional probability is well approximated by $frac{1}{n} - frac{k}{n^2(n-1)}. similar results are also obtained about the more general conditional probability that the (k+1)^{st} point is fixed, given that there are exactly d fixed points in the first k points.
کلیدواژه derangement ,fixed point ,probability
آدرس northeastern university, department of mathematics, usa, wentworth institute of technology, school of computing and data science, usa, wentworth institute of technology, school of computing and data science, usa
پست الکترونیکی mixerm@wit.edu
 
     
   
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