different dosimeters/detectors used in small‑field dosimetry: pros and cons

With the advent of complex and precise radiation therapy techniques, the use of relatively small fields is needed. using such field sizes can cause uncertainty in dosimetry; therefore, special attention is required both in dose calculations and measurements. there are several challenges in small‑field dosimetry such as the steep gradient of the radiation field, volume averaging effect, lack of charged particle equilibrium, partial occlusion of radiation source, beam alignment, and unable to use a reference dosimeter. due to these challenges, special dosimeters are needed for small‑field dosimetry, and this review article discusses this topic.