بررسی عوامل موثر بر عدم تمایل شهروندان به استفاده از دوچرخه در سفرهای شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر اردبیل)

افزایش جمعیت شهرها در کشورهای جهان سوم و به تبع آن استفاده روزافزون از سوخ تهای فسیلی و افزایش ترافیک، این کشورها را با معضلات متعدد روب هرو ساخته است. دوچرخه با مزایای منحصر به فرد مانند ارزانی، عدم مصرف سوخت فسیلی، ایجاد ترافیک کمتر و عدم اثرات منفی بر محی طزیست بیش از پیش ب ه عنوان مکمل سایر وسایط نقلیه مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. یکی از عمد هترین راهکارهایی که صاح بنظران برای دستیابی به توسعه پایدار شهری مطرح م یکنند، استفاده بیشتر از دوچرخه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی عوامل موثر بر عدم تمایل شهروندان به استفاده از دوچرخه در سفرهای شهری اردبیل م یباشد که از رو شهای کتابخان های و میدانی برای جم عآوری اطلاعات استفاده شده و از آزمو نهای کولموگروف_اسمیرنوف، t تک نمون های، واریانس، t ،scheffe مستقل و کروسکال والیس، تحت نر مافزار spss برای تجزیه و تحلیل داد هها بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش، حا کی از این امر است که به ترتیب عوامل تبلیغات نا کافی در رسان هها، نبود فرهنگ دوچرخ هسواری و عدم تناسب دوچرخ هسواری بانوان با شرایط فرهنگی جامعه به عنوان مهمترین عوامل موثر بر عدم تمایل شهروندان بر استفاده از دوچرخه در سفرهای شهری شناخته شدند. نکته جالب توجه این که از نظر شهروندان، شرایط آ بوهوایی سرد و همچنین نبود زیرساخ تهای مناسب دوچرخ هسواری در شهر اردبیل در مراتب بعدی بازدارند ههای استفاده از دوچرخه قرار گرفت هاند. در نهایت نیز پیشنهادهایی به منظور تشویق شهروندان به استفاده از دوچرخه در سفرهای شهری ارائه گردیده است.

Studying the factors affecting the citizen's unwillingness to use bicycle in urban travels (the case of Ardabil)

Increasing populations in thirdworld cities of and consequently increasing use of fossil fuels and intense traffic have caused these cities to encounter various problems. Nowadays, transport is one of the most important factors determining the existence and development of cities. Almost all cities are under the pressure of traffic congestion. Traffic congestion results in numerous social conflicts, is not in harmony with the natural environment, and is the main source of most transportation problems. Carbased transport has a wide range of negative impacts upon society and the environment, such as air pollution, congestion, noise pollution, road accidents, and extensive land use for roads and parking facilities. Pursuing sustainable mobility, particularly in urban areas, has become a priority objective of national and global policies in the transport and environmental fields. In addition to communication and the development of reliable, comfortable and secure public modes of transport, the optimization of pedestrian and urban paths is one of the main useful tools for achieving sustainable urban mobility. Bicycles with such unique advantages as low cost, absence of fossil fuel consumption, less traffic, and lack of negative impacts on environment, is more and more considered as a complement to other vehicles than the past. One of the most typical alternatives which is provided by experts for permanent development of cities, is the increased usage of bicycles. The purpose of this study is the consideration of the elements which affect citizen#039;s unwillingness for using bicycles for travelling throughout Ardabil. The present study has used library and field methods for data collection. In order to analyze the obtained data, colmogrove – smirnove, Variance, Scheffe, Independent T, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used with SPSS software. Survey findings showed that, insufficient advertisement in the media, lack of a cycling culture, female cycling disproportionate with cultural conditions of the community are the most significant factors, in the order mentioned, which affect citizens lack of interest in using bicyles within the city of Ardabil. Cool climatic conditions and lack of proper infrastructure for cycling in Ardabil are also considered as other barriers to using bicycles. In addition, the survey illustrated that the less educated, lowincome and men cycled more compared to the highly educated, high income and women in urban areas.  There was not a significant difference in the use of bicycles in urban travels between regions in Ardabil; however, there was a higher usage of bicyles in regions one and two than in regions three and four. Obtained results indicate that according to respondents’ viewpoints, cultural factors had a more prominent role in the unwillingness of citizens to use bicycles in urban trips compared with other factors. This issue indicates that if the relevant authorities encourage citizens to use bicycle in urban travels through advertisements, despite the lack of infrastructure and cold weather, bicycle usage will increase. Therefore, the survey showed importance of the promotion of the cycling culture in all society. Finally, some recommendations are presented for encouraging citizens’ use of bicycles for travelling throughout the city.