مقایسه کیفیت کالبدی زندگی در بحران های همه‌گیری از نگاه ساکنان نمونه مورد مطالعه: محله های مسکونی معاصر ایران در همه گیری کووید 19

محلات در همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا می‌توانند با بالا بردن کیفیت زندگی ساکنین نقش مهمی در  مقابله با ویروس داشته باشند.  از میان ابعاد موثر بر کیفیت زندگی در محلات، بعد کالبد به دلیل دخیل بودن در ساماندهی محیط و پاسخگویی به  نیازهای ساکنین به‌منظور خودکفایی محلات ، جلوگیری از رفت‌وآمد به داخل شهرها  و کاهش تراکم جمعیتی در مراکز شهری به منظور قطع زنجیره انتقال ویروس تاثیرشگرفی دارد. از همین رو پژوهش حاضر سعی دارد به مقایسه کیفیت کالبدی زندگی ساکنین محلاتِ معاصر ایران در سه مقیاس مجزا کلانشهری، شهرهای میانی و شهر کوچک بپردازد. روش پژوهش مقاله علی_ قیاسی بوده و برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از منابع کتابخانه‌ای و پرسشنامه اینترنتی استفاده‌شده است. حجم جامعه آماری بر اساس فرمول دوم کوکران که به دلیل نامشخص بودن جمعیت 90 عدد نمونه را مطرح می‌کند، مشخص گردید. اما برای بالا بردن اعتبار پژوهش 300 پرسشنامه با  شیوه نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی‌شده توزیع گردید. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون کروسکال_ والیس و تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه بهره گرفته شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که در بین شش دسته عوامل کالبدی، در کلانشهرها طبق میانگین نظرات، سلامت روانی(170.29)، طراحی محیطی(159.28)، نورپردازی(178.19) و سکونتی(188.01) ، در شهرهای میانی بهداشت محیطی (171.55) و در شهرهای کوچک دسترسی (159.48) اولویت داشته‌اند. علاوه بر این دسته‌های بهداشت محیطی، نورپردازی، دسترسی،طراحی محیطی و سکونتی تفاوت چشمگیری بین سه گروه شهری ندارند و فقط دسته سلامت روانی با آماره خی دو (14.163) و سطح معناداری 001/  در بین سه مقیاس شهری دارای تفاوت معناداری است.

comparing the physical quality of life in epidemic crises from the residents’ perspective (case study: contemporary residential neighborhoods in iran during the covid 19 pandemic)

introduction a new type of global bio-experience was formed following the spread of covid-19, and this emerging phenomenon is considered as the biggest challenge and international problem of mankind since world war ii. this epidemic also affected and changed people’s mental images of their cities and residences. if the history of epidemic diseases is a guide for urban officials, the outbreak of this disease can also involve a series of important urban policies adopted to improve people’s quality of life in cities and their places of residence. due to the changes in citizens’ lifestyles and their exile from public urban spaces to spend most of their times in their residences, these neighborhoods could play an important role in the battle against the virus by raising the residents’ quality of life. among the factors that affect people’s quality of life in the localities, the body exhibits a tremendous impact by getting involved in the organization of the environment in order to break the chain of virus transmission. theoretical framework epidemics of infectious diseases have always been part of the history of cities. by reviewing the history of epidemics, one can gain more insight into the consequences of changes in the design of cities, urban zoning laws, and the primary concepts of quarantine. the covid -19 virus has also been added to a long list of rapidly spreading infectious diseases in the current century, such as tuberculosis in southern africa in 2006 and ebola in western africa in 2014. generally, actions taken against urban crises can be divided into the short-term and medium-term categories in terms of response time. the former deals with functional interventions, and the latter involves basic interventions in the structure of a city. short-term functional measures include planning to make cities more flexible, considering the role of neighborhoods and their function in satisfaction of the residents’ needs, raising the quality of housing, etc. on the other hand, medium-term actions attempt to reconstruct the healthcare systems, take urgent health measures, etc. the term quality of life (qol) originally meant good life, and was limited to the notions of having or not having common consumer goods, being rich, owning a car, and owning a house. the concept gradually evolved to include life satisfaction. in the classification of quality of life, two objective and subjective states can be noted. objectivity concerns the degree to which a life conforms to the correct standards of good life and is evaluated using objective criteria that can be collected, recorded, and visualized from relevant statistical data in an accessible data platform. the mental state pertains to self-evaluation based on implicit and subjective criteria and includes feelings, individuals’ or groups’ opinions, and satisfaction with life, which is a function of pleasant and unpleasant experiences. the quality of life, however, can include dimensions such as social, economic, and physical ones. the physical dimension is one of the most important aspects that exhibit great impacts in the field. the components of the physical dimension are numerous and can include the quality of the surrounding neighborhood landscapes, lighting, air and noise pollution, access to facilities in the neighborhoods, etc. methodology this research is considered as an applied quantitative study. the survey and descriptive research methods were used in the sections on the research background, theoretical framework development, and data extraction, and the causal-comparative method was used in the analysis phase. the present study sought to compare the differences in the physical factors affecting the mental