mgo nanoparticle-catalyzed, solvent-free hantzsch synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of new substituted thiazoles

In this study, some novel 4-thiazolylpyrazoles were synthesized by modified hantzsch method, under solvent-free conditions and in the presence of mgo nanoparticles as catalyst. excellent yields in shorter reaction times were achieved under the new general protocol. also, the in vitro antibacterial effects of synthesized compounds were evaluated against 21 gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacterial strains and compared to antibiotics such as ceftriaxone and penicillin. the results were reported as inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) values. the compounds showed moderate to good antibacterial activities. among the newly synthesized thiazoles, compounds 7b, f had inhibitory effects against eight pathogenic bacteria; besides, thioamide 6 with mic and mbc values of 32 and 64 μg/ml against streptococcus agalactiae was identified as the most effective antibacterial agent. mgo nanoparticle was prepared and successfully used as an efficient recyclable catalyst for the hantzsch thiazole synthesis; reaction times and product yields were significantly improved in the presence of nanocatalyst.